Antibacterial Potential of 2,4-Di-tert-Butylphenol and Calixarene-Based Prodrugs from Thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis Isolated in Algerian Hot Spring

• Published in: Geomicrobiology journal Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 53 - 62
• Main Authors: Aissaoui, Nadia, Mahjoubi, Mouna, Nas, Fatima, Mghirbi, Olfa, Arab, Mounia, Souissi, Yasmine, Hoceini, Amina, Masmoudi, Ahmed S, Mosbah, Amor, Cherif, Ameur, Klouche-Khelil, Nihel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Taylor & Francis 02.01.2019; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Antibacterial activity; Antibacterial materials; Bacillus licheniformis; Bacteria; Calixarenes; Chemical compounds; Chromatography; DNA; Drugs; Food processing industry; Gas chromatography; GC-MS analysis; hot spring; Hot springs; Identification; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Microbiological strains; Mixed culture; Molecular structure; Multidrug resistance; Nucleotide sequence; PCR; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Physical characteristics; prodrug; Prodrugs; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rRNA 16S; rRNA 23S; Scientific imaging; Spectroscopy; Spore-forming bacteria; Spores; Spring; Thermophilic bacteria
• ISSN: 0149-0451; 1521-0529
• DOI: 10.1080/01490451.2018.1503377

The present investigation reports the isolation, molecular identification and structure elucidation of antibacterial produced by two thermophilic spore-forming bacteria from hot spring (98 °C) of Guelma (Algeria). Morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics were carried out. The molecular identification by 16S rRNA and 16-23S rRNA ITS-PCR sequencing identified the thermophilic strains as Bacillus licheniformis with 99% of similarity with GenBank accession numbers KX100031 and KX100032. Phenotypic characterization has mentioned several differences between thermophilic isolates and Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580. The ability of the thermophilic spore- forming bacteria to produce antibacterial compounds against two multidrug resistance bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NR_0754828.1) and Staphylococcus aureus (NR_075000.1) in pure and mixed culture was investigated by Radial Diffusion Assay at 55 °C. Structural elucidation of actives compounds was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Antibacterial potency of the thermophilic isolates might be due to the association between two phenolic compounds: 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-phenol as principal active compound and p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene as prodrugs comparing between gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of pure and mixed extract. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing production of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene and 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-phenol as extremolytes compounds from thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis at 55 °C.