Mitochondrial Dysfunction by FADDosome Promotes Gastric Mucosal Injury in Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy

• Published in: International journal of biological sciences Vol. 20; no. 7; pp. 2658 - 2685
• Main Authors: Xiao, Yuelin, Zhang, Yiwang, Xie, Kaiduan, Huang, Xiaoli, Liu, Xianzhi, Luo, Jinni, Tan, Siwei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Ivyspring International Publisher 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Animals; Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein - metabolism; Gastric Mucosa - metabolism; Gastric Mucosa - pathology; Humans; Hypertension, Portal - metabolism; Hypertension, Portal - pathology; Inflammasomes - metabolism; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria - metabolism; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - metabolism; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Research Paper; pyroptosis; mitochondrial dysfunction; portal hypertensive gastropathy; NLRP3 inflammasome; FADDosome
• ISSN: 1449-2288; 1449-2288
• DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.90835

Mucosal epithelial death is an essential pathological characteristic of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). FADDosome can regulate mucosal homeostasis by controlling mitochondrial status and cell death. However, it remains ill-defined whether and how the FADDosome is involved in the epithelial death of PHG. The FADDosome formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, glycolysis process and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PHG from both human sections and mouse models were investigated. wild-type ( -WT) and knockout ( -KO) littermate models, critical element inhibitors and cell experiments were utilized. The mechanism underlying FADDosome-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction and epithelial death in PHG was explored. Here, we found that FADD recruited caspase-8 and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) to form the FADDosome to promote Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and dysfunction in PHG. Also, FADDosome modulated NOX2 signaling to strengthen Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and alter glycolysis as well as enhance mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production. Moreover, due to the dysfunction of electron transport chain (ETC) and alteration of antioxidant enzymes activity, this altered glycolysis also contributed to mtROS production. Subsequently, the enhanced mtROS production induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation to result in the epithelial pyroptosis and mucosal injury in PHG. Thus, the FADDosome-regulated pathways may provide a potential therapeutic target for PHG.