IMPACT OF COMORBIDITIES IN MEXICAN SARS-COV-2-POSITIVE PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS IN A NATIONAL COHORT

• Published in: Revista de investigacion clinica Vol. 72; no. 3; p. 151
• Main Authors: Kammar-García, Ashuin, Vidal-Mayo, José de J, Vera-Zertuche, Juan M, Lazcano-Hernández, Martín, Vera-López, Obdulia, Segura-Badilla, Orietta, Aguilar-Alonso, Patricia, Navarro-Cruz, Addi R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mexico 2020
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asthma - epidemiology; Betacoronavirus; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Comorbidity; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology; COVID-19; Critical Care - statistics & numerical data; Critical Illness; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Female; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Mexico - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Obesity - epidemiology; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology; Proportional Hazards Models; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Respiration, Artificial - statistics & numerical data; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Smoking - epidemiology; Young Adult; Mexico; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Demographic characteristic; Adverse events; Comorbidities; Coronavirus disease 2019; Mortality
• ISSN: 0034-8376
• DOI: 10.24875/RIC.20000207

The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak is a significant challenge for health-care systems around the world. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of comorbidities on the case fatality rate (CFR) and the development of adverse events in patients positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the Mexican population. We analyzed the data from 13,842 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients in Mexico between January 1, 2020, and April 25, 2020. We investigated the risk of death and the development of adverse events (hospitalization, pneumonia, orotracheal intubation, and intensive care unit [ICU] admission), comparing the number of comorbidities of each patient. The patient mean age was 46.6 ± 15.6 years, 42.3% (n = 5853) of the cases were women, 38.8% of patients were hospitalized, 4.4% were intubated, 29.6% developed pneumonia, and 4.4% had critical illness. The CFR was 9.4%. The risk of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7-3.7), pneumonia (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 2.6-3.5), ICU admission (OR = 2, 95% CI: 1.5-2.7), and CFR (hazard ratio = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.9-4.2) was higher in patients with three or more comorbidities than in patients with 1, 2, or with no comorbidities. The number of comorbidities may be a determining factor in the clinical course and its outcomes in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients.