A Quarter of a Century Later: What is Dofetilide’s Clinical Role Today?

• Published in: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 3 - 10
• Main Authors: Wolbrette, Deborah L., Hussain, Sarah, Maraj, Ilir, Naccarelli, Gerald V.
• Format: Book Review Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.01.2019
• Subjects: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents - adverse effects; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents - pharmacokinetics; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents - therapeutic use; Atrial Fibrillation - diagnosis; Atrial Fibrillation - drug therapy; Atrial Fibrillation - mortality; Atrial Fibrillation - physiopathology; Atrial Flutter - diagnosis; Atrial Flutter - drug therapy; Atrial Flutter - mortality; Atrial Flutter - physiopathology; Clinical Decision-Making; Heart Conduction System - drug effects; Heart Conduction System - physiopathology; Heart Rate - drug effects; Humans; Patient Selection; Phenethylamines - adverse effects; Phenethylamines - pharmacokinetics; Phenethylamines - therapeutic use; Potassium Channel Blockers - adverse effects; Potassium Channel Blockers - pharmacokinetics; Potassium Channel Blockers - therapeutic use; Risk Factors; Sulfonamides - adverse effects; Sulfonamides - pharmacokinetics; Sulfonamides - therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome; atrial fibrillation; atrial flutter; dofetilide
• ISSN: 1074-2484; 1940-4034
• DOI: 10.1177/1074248418784288

Dofetilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the conversion of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter and maintenance of sinus rhythm in symptomatic patients with persistent arrhythmia. Drug trials showed neutral mortality in post–myocardial infarction patients and those with heart failure. This is a review of postmarket data, including real-world efficacy and safety in a variety of populations. Dofetilide has been used off-label with success in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, as well as atrial tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. The real-world acute conversion rate of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter is higher than that reported in clinical trials. Dofetilide has an acceptable safety profile when initiated (or reloaded) under hospital monitoring and dosed according to creatinine clearance. Dofetilide is well tolerated and a good choice for patients with acceptable renal function and a normal QT interval, especially if atrioventricular nodal blockade needs to be avoided.