Thermal cycles in classical thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics in contrast with finite time thermodynamics

• Published in: Energy conversion and management Vol. 43; no. 13; pp. 1583 - 1617
• Main Author: Denton, Jesse C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2002; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Carnot cycle; Classical thermodynamics; Energy; Energy. Thermal use of fuels; Entropy generation; Exact sciences and technology; Finite time thermodynamics; Irreversible thermodynamics; Nonequilibrium thermodynamics; Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering; Thermal cycles; Thermodynamics, mechanics etc. For energy applications; Classical thermodynamics; Entropy generation; Nonequilibrium thermodynamics; Thermal cycles; Finite time thermodynamics; Irreversible thermodynamics; Carnot cycle; Thermal cycle; Thermodynamic analysis; Entropy; Non equilibrium conditions
• ISSN: 0196-8904; 1879-2227
• DOI: 10.1016/S0196-8904(02)00074-2

There appear to be some fundamental disagreements between those scientists and engineers who adhere to the principles of macroscopic classical thermodynamics and those who adhere to the principles of finite time thermodynamics. In many instances, the disagreements can be traced to differing assumptions concerning fundamental principles, definitions, etc., as well as differing interpretations of fundamental principles, definitions, etc. This paper is an attempt to clarify the issues by consideration, in somewhat laborious detail, of the basic definitions and their interpretations, considering the fundamental principles of classical thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. It appears to the author that nonequilibrium thermodynamics might offer a reconciliation of the disagreements and provide an approach acceptable to both sides. The work is purposely limited to considerations of importance in thermal cycles, mostly isothermal heat addition and rejection, and no attempt is made to treat even this broad field comprehensively. It is hoped that such discussions will lead to resolution of the disagreements, at least in part. Given the tendency of thermodynamicists to argue, in all probability, the discussions will lead to additional disagreements.