Biomaterial-based strategies for immunomodulation in IBD: current and future scenarios

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Vol. 11; no. 25; pp. 5668 - 5692
• Main Authors: Jori, Chandrashekhar, Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad, Rashid, Summya, Ali, Mohamed A. M, Alawam, Abdullah S, Haouala, Faouzi, Khan, Rehan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Royal Society of Chemistry 28.06.2023
• Subjects: Antibiotics; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Biopolymers; Colitis, Ulcerative; Complications; Corticoids; Corticosteroids; Crohn's disease; Drug delivery; Drug delivery systems; Humans; Hydrogels; Immunomodulation; Immunosuppressive agents; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Inhibitors; Integrins; Interleukin 12; Interleukin 23; Interleukins; Intestines; Janus kinase; Kinases; Lipids; Microparticles; Nanoparticles; Polymers; Signs and symptoms; Sphingosine 1-phosphate; Tumor necrosis factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Ulcerative colitis
• ISSN: 2050-750X; 2050-7518
• DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00276d

Instinctive gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions with persistent intestinal inflammation are known as "inflammatory bowel diseases" (IBDs). IBDs are growing progressively common throughout the world although it is still unclear what causes them. IBDs that cause recurrent, intermittent, and disburse inflammatory responses, may also have systemic symptoms such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It has been discovered that a number of medications, including antibiotics, corticosteroids, and immune-suppressants, can promote mucous and damaged epithelial restoration. The incidences of general and specific therapy failure in IBD continue to climb, even though the availability of advanced biologics including anti-interleukins, anti-integrins, anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF), and small molecules such as tofacitinib exist. Management therapies that are currently being researched include specifically JAK (janus kinase) inhibitors, anti-IL (anti-interleukin) (IL-12, IL23), and leukocyte inhibitors such as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Clinical treatments can have various adverse effects. In order to give pharmacological drugs to the disease-specific sites with improved efficacy and fewer complications, innovative frameworks centered on biomaterials are needed. We provide an outlook on the current state of several biomaterials used to treat IBD. This article comprehensively addresses numerous microparticles, nanoparticles, and hydrogels that have recently been made from natural bio-polymers and lipids. To support colon-specific target delivery and steady release of medications during IBD therapies, these various biomaterial-based monotherapies could be employed as efficient drug delivery systems. Overview of the different nanoformulations in the treatment of IBD.