Omadacycline: A New Tetracycline Antibiotic

• Published in: The Annals of pharmacotherapy Vol. 53; no. 5; p. 486
• Main Authors: Dougherty, John A, Sucher, Allana J, Chahine, Elias B, Shihadeh, Katherine C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.05.2019
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents - classification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacokinetics; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Bacteria - drug effects; Bacteria - growth & development; Bacterial Infections - drug therapy; Bacterial Infections - epidemiology; Community-Acquired Infections - drug therapy; Community-Acquired Infections - metabolism; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Skin Diseases, Bacterial - drug therapy; Skin Diseases, Bacterial - epidemiology; Tetracyclines - classification; Tetracyclines - pharmacokinetics; Tetracyclines - therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome; clinical trials; community-acquired pneumonia; antibiotics; tetracyclines; infectious diseases
• ISSN: 1542-6270
• DOI: 10.1177/1060028018818094

To review the chemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, tolerability, dosage, and administration of omadacycline, a new tetracycline antibiotic. A literature search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov was conducted (2008 to October 2018) using the search terms omadacycline and PTK-0796. Abstracts presented at recent conferences, prescribing information and information from the FDA and the manufacturer's website were reviewed. Preclinical data and published phase 1, 2, and 3 studies were evaluated. Omadacycline displays in vitro activity against a wide range of bacteria. Clinical trials have shown that omadacycline is noninferior to linezolid for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) and noninferior to moxifloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). A loading dose of 200 mg intravenously (IV) once or 100 mg IV twice or 450 mg orally once is recommended followed by a maintenance dose of 100 mg IV or 300 mg orally once daily. No dosage adjustment is needed in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. Omadacycline is well tolerated, with nausea being a common adverse effect, but is associated with food and drug interactions. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Omadacycline is active against staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant strains, and streptococci, including tetracycline-resistant strains, as well as atypical bacteria. Omadacycline provides clinicians with an additional parenteral and oral option for the treatment of adults with ABSSSI and CABP. Omadacycline is an alternative treatment option for ABSSSI and CABP.