Eight-year diet and physical activity intervention affects serum metabolites during childhood and adolescence: A nonrandomized controlled trial

• Published in: iScience Vol. 27; no. 7; p. 110295
• Main Authors: Zarei, Iman, Eloranta, Aino-Maija, Klåvus, Anton, Väistö, Juuso, Lehtonen, Marko, Mikkonen, Santtu, Koistinen, Ville M., Sallinen, Taisa, Haapala, Eero A., Lintu, Niina, Soininen, Sonja, Haikonen, Retu, Atalay, Mustafa, Schwab, Ursula, Auriola, Seppo, Kolehmainen, Marjukka, Hanhineva, Kati, Lakka, Timo A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 19.07.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Health sciences; Human physiology; Metabolomics; Nutrition related to disease; Physical activity; Health sciences; Nutrition related to disease; Metabolomics; Human physiology; Physical activity
• ISSN: 2589-0042; 2589-0042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110295

Long-term lifestyle interventions in childhood and adolescence can significantly improve cardiometabolic health, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted an 8-year diet and physical activity intervention in a general population of children. The research revealed that the intervention influenced 80 serum metabolites over two years, with 17 metabolites continuing to be affected after eight years. The intervention primarily impacted fatty amides, including palmitic amide, linoleamide, oleamide, and others, as well as unsaturated fatty acids, acylcarnitines, phospholipids, sterols, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, amino acids, and purine metabolites. Particularly noteworthy were the pronounced changes in serum fatty amides. These serum metabolite alterations could represent molecular mechanisms responsible for the observed benefits of long-term lifestyle interventions on cardiometabolic and overall health since childhood. Understanding these metabolic changes may provide valuable insights into the prevention of cardiometabolic and other non-communicable diseases since childhood. [Display omitted] •PANIC reveals the impact of lifestyle interventions on childhood serum metabolites•Pinpoints affected fatty amides and microbiota-derived metabolites metabolic pathways•PANIC tracks longitudinal changes over 8 years for comprehensive analysis•Early interventions can curb metabolic risks and prevent cardiometabolic diseases Health sciences; Human physiology; Physical activity; Nutrition related to disease; Metabolomics