Early kidney injury in immunoglobulin A vasculitis: Role of renal biomarkers

• Published in: Pediatrics international Vol. 63; no. 10; pp. 1218 - 1222
• Main Authors: Türe, Esra, Yazar, Abdullah, Akın, Fatih, Topcu, Cemile, Aydın, Arif, Balasar, Mehmet, Ataş, Bülent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2021
• Subjects: Biomarkers; child; Gelatinase; Hematuria; Immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin A vasculitis; Immunoglobulins; kidney injury molecule‐1; Kidneys; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Lipocalin; Nephropathy; neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin; Patients; Pediatrics; Proteinuria; Urine; Vasculitis; Kidney Injury Molecule-1; nephropathy; Immunoglobulin A vasculitis; Child; Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin
• ISSN: 1328-8067; 1442-200X
• DOI: 10.1111/ped.14600

Background We aimed to determine whether urine kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM‐1) and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) can be used as early noninvasive biomarkers of kidney injury in immunoglobulin A vasculitis. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with immunoglobulin A vasculitis were included in the study. Urine samples were collected for determination of urine KIM‐1 and NGAL levels. The control group consisted of age‐matched healthy children. Results Sixty‐one patients who were diagnosed with immunoglobulin A vasculitis were included in the study; 37.7% of these patients were determined to have renal involvement. Median KIM‐1 was found to be significantly higher in the patient group (69.59 pg/mL) than the control group (40.84 pg/mL) (P = 0.001). Median NGAL was determined to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (59.87 ng/mL) compared with the control group (44.87 ng/mL) (P = 0.013). In 23.6% of the patients without renal involvement at admission renal involvement developed within the following 6 months. When median KIM‐1 and NGAL at admission of these patients were compared with the control group, they were determined to be statistically significantly higher (P = 0.001, P = 0.003). Conclusions The fact that our patients with late‐term nephropathy had no hematuria and / or proteinuria and that KIM‐1 and NGAL levels were determined to be high indicates that these biomarkers might be potentially reliable, noninvasive and early determinants of kidney injury.