EEG-based major depressive disorder recognition by selecting discriminative features via stochastic search

• Published in: Journal of neural engineering Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 26021 - 26039
• Main Authors: Chang, Hongli, Zong, Yuan, Zheng, Wenming, Xiao, Yushun, Wang, Xuenan, Zhu, Jie, Shi, Mengxin, Lu, Cheng, Yang, Hao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England IOP Publishing 01.04.2023
• Subjects: Algorithms; Bayesian linear discriminant analysis; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis; Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology; electroencephalogram (EEG); Electroencephalography - methods; Emotions; feature selection; Humans; major depressive disorder; Sensitivity and Specificity; stochastic search algorithm; Bayesian linear discriminant analysis; major depressive disorder; electroencephalogram (EEG); feature selection; stochastic search algorithm
• ISSN: 1741-2560; 1741-2552; 1741-2552
• DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acbe20

Objective . Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder whose diagnosis relies on experienced psychiatrists, resulting in a low diagnosis rate. As a typical physiological signal, electroencephalography (EEG) has indicated a strong association with human beings’ mental activities and can be served as an objective biomarker for diagnosing MDD. Approach . The basic idea of the proposed method fully considers all the channel information in EEG-based MDD recognition and designs a stochastic search algorithm to select the best discriminative features for describing the individual channels. Main results . To evaluate the proposed method, we conducted extensive experiments on the MODMA dataset (including dot-probe tasks and resting state), a 128-electrode public EEG-based MDD dataset including 24 patients with depressive disorder and 29 healthy controls. Under the leave-one-subject-out cross-validation protocol, the proposed method achieved an average accuracy of 99.53% in the fear-neutral face pairs cued experiment and 99.32% in the resting state, outperforming state-of-the-art MDD recognition methods. Moreover, our experimental results also indicated that negative emotional stimuli could induce depressive states, and high-frequency EEG features contributed significantly to distinguishing between normal and depressive patients, which can be served as a marker for MDD recognition. Significance . The proposed method provided a possible solution to an intelligent diagnosis of MDD and can be used to develop a computer-aided diagnostic tool to aid clinicians in early diagnosis for clinical purposes.