Enabling Grant-Free URLLC: An Overview of Principle and Enhancements by Massive MIMO

Enabling ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) with stringent requirements for transmitting data packets (e.g., 99.999% reliability and 1-ms latency) presents considerable uplink transmission challenges. For each packet transmission over dynamically allocated network radio resources, the c...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE internet of things journal Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 384 - 400
Main Authors Ding, Jie, Nemati, Mahyar, Pokhrel, Shiva Raj, Park, Ok-Sun, Choi, Jinho, Adachi, Fumiyuki
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Piscataway IEEE 01.01.2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects
5G mobile communication
Cell-free (CF)
Delays
grant-free (GF) random access
Industries
Long Term Evolution
massive MIMO (mMIMO)
MIMO communication
Network latency
Packet transmission
Random access
Reliability
retransmission
Smart manufacturing
Ultra reliable low latency communication
ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC)
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract Enabling ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) with stringent requirements for transmitting data packets (e.g., 99.999% reliability and 1-ms latency) presents considerable uplink transmission challenges. For each packet transmission over dynamically allocated network radio resources, the conventional random access protocols are based on a request-grant scheme. This induces excessive latency and necessitates reliable control signaling, resulting in overhead. To address these problems, grant-free (GF) solutions are proposed in the fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR). In this article, an overview and vision of the state of the art in enabling GF URLLC are presented. In particular, we first provide a comprehensive review of NR specifications and techniques for URLLC, discuss underlying principles, and highlight impeding issues of enabling GF URLLC. Furthermore, we briefly explain two key phenomena of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) (i.e., channel hardening and favorable propagation) and build several deep insights into how celebrated mMIMO features can be exploited to address the issues and enhance the performance of GF URLLC. Moving further ahead, we examine the potential of cell-free (CF) mMIMO and analyze its distinctive features and benefits over mMIMO to resolve GF URLLC issues. Finally, we identify future research directions and challenges in enabling GF URLLC with CF mMIMO.
AbstractList Enabling ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) with stringent requirements for transmitting data packets (e.g., 99.999% reliability and 1-ms latency) presents considerable uplink transmission challenges. For each packet transmission over dynamically allocated network radio resources, the conventional random access protocols are based on a request-grant scheme. This induces excessive latency and necessitates reliable control signaling, resulting in overhead. To address these problems, grant-free (GF) solutions are proposed in the fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR). In this article, an overview and vision of the state of the art in enabling GF URLLC are presented. In particular, we first provide a comprehensive review of NR specifications and techniques for URLLC, discuss underlying principles, and highlight impeding issues of enabling GF URLLC. Furthermore, we briefly explain two key phenomena of massive multiple-input–multiple-output (mMIMO) (i.e., channel hardening and favorable propagation) and build several deep insights into how celebrated mMIMO features can be exploited to address the issues and enhance the performance of GF URLLC. Moving further ahead, we examine the potential of cell-free (CF) mMIMO and analyze its distinctive features and benefits over mMIMO to resolve GF URLLC issues. Finally, we identify future research directions and challenges in enabling GF URLLC with CF mMIMO.
Author Ding, Jie
Choi, Jinho
Adachi, Fumiyuki
Nemati, Mahyar
Park, Ok-Sun
Pokhrel, Shiva Raj
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jie
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9927-5415
  surname: Ding
  fullname: Ding, Jie
  email: yxdj2010@gmail.com
  organization: School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Mahyar
  surname: Nemati
  fullname: Nemati, Mahyar
  email: nematim@deakin.edu.au
  organization: School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Shiva Raj
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5819-765X
  surname: Pokhrel
  fullname: Pokhrel, Shiva Raj
  email: shiva.pokhrel@deakin.edu.au
  organization: School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Ok-Sun
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7071-6632
  surname: Park
  fullname: Park, Ok-Sun
  email: ospark@etri.re.kr
  organization: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jinho
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4895-6680
  surname: Choi
  fullname: Choi, Jinho
  email: jinho.choi@deakin.edu.au
  organization: School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Fumiyuki
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5416-0718
  surname: Adachi
  fullname: Adachi, Fumiyuki
  email: adachi@ecei.tohoku.ac.jp
  organization: Research Organization of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
BookMark eNpNkE1PwkAQQDcGExH5AcbLJp6Lu7MfZb0RAogpqTFwbrZlqiWwxd2K4d9bAjGeZg7vzSTvlnRc7ZCQe84GnDPz9DpPlwNgwAeCsxgkXJEuCIgjqTV0_u03pB_ChjHWaoob3SXLibP5tnIfdOata6KpR6Sr9yQZP9ORo-kB_aHCH1qX9M1Xrqj2W6TWrenEfVpX4A5dE2h-pAsbQnVAupgv0jtyXdptwP5l9shqOlmOX6Iknc3HoyQqhNBNJC03pogRAEqtQGglJAhZGiNNWaDRDBSzucFS5iiHVrEhrOPYrDkWRZ4r0SOP57t7X399Y2iyTf3tXfsyA81B6liJYUvxM1X4OgSPZbb31c76Y8ZZduqXnfplp37ZpV_rPJydChH_eKOAqzgWvyXMauk
CODEN IITJAU
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2023_3316122
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2023_3324969
crossref_primary_10_3390_s22072688
crossref_primary_10_1109_LWC_2022_3173471
crossref_primary_10_1109_LNET_2023_3299182
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2022_3151050
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2023_3280981
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13010231
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2023_3280962
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2023_3280984
crossref_primary_10_1109_MCOMSTD_0003_2300018
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2023_3303952
crossref_primary_10_1109_LWC_2022_3203478
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSEN_2022_3209644
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2022_3213775
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2024_124414
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3146830
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2022_3143261
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3295838
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2023_3290976
crossref_primary_10_1145_3579450
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2023_3327073
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12010189
crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2023_3310543
crossref_primary_10_3390_drones6110334
crossref_primary_10_3389_fcomp_2022_1068478
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSAC_2023_3234696
Cites_doi 10.1049/iet-its.2018.5492
10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2886030
10.23919/ETR.2020.9904659
10.1109/VTCSpring.2017.8108665
10.1109/EuCNC.2017.7980743
10.1109/TIT.2010.2043769
10.1109/VTCFall.2019.8891368
10.1109/JIOT.2020.3012449
10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962790
10.1109/JSAC.2013.130205
10.1109/MNET.011.1900458
10.1109/MWC.2016.1500284WC
10.1109/ALLERTON.2019.8919893
10.1109/MCOM.2014.6736761
10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2990686
10.1109/IEEESTD.2010.5538195
10.1109/PIMRC.2017.8292695
10.1109/ISWCS.2018.8491188
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3010271
10.1109/MVT.2019.2903657
10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2317671
10.1109/SSP49050.2021.9513812
10.1109/TIT.2004.833345
10.1109/TVT.2017.2702604
10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877253
10.1109/SECONW.2017.8011041
10.1109/TSC.2020.3025993
10.1109/TWC.2019.2948841
10.1109/JPROC.2018.2867029
10.1109/ICC.2019.8761430
10.1109/ICIT.2017.7915549
10.1109/JPROC.2021.3053601
10.1109/TVT.2020.2984369
10.1109/TWC.2010.092810.091092
10.1109/ACSSC.2017.8335719
10.1016/j.phycom.2019.100859
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2930208
10.1109/SURV.2013.111313.00244
10.1109/COMST.2016.2612223
10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145297
10.1109/TII.2020.3000502
10.1109/WICOM.2007.710
10.1145/3414045.3415949
10.1109/JPROC.2016.2537298
10.1109/TWC.2020.3034308
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3010896
10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885815
10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3017620
10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107360
10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2914652
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2782830
10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2846272
10.1109/TWC.2015.2488634
10.1109/TWC.2018.2873400
10.1109/LWC.2017.2734893
10.1002/9780470978504
10.1109/JSAC.2005.862422
10.1109/JSAC.2020.3018836
10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701178
10.1109/TWC.2019.2950316
10.1109/MNET.2019.1800418
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2993597
10.1109/JIOT.2021.3064061
10.1016/b978-0-12-372535-6.x5000-4
10.1017/CBO9781316799895
10.1109/JPROC.2018.2868995
10.1109/TWC.2020.3021622
10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2940183
10.1109/TCOMM.2002.806503
10.1109/MNET.2018.1700258
10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2861407
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2985932
10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877325
10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2827567
10.1109/TII.2016.2617459
10.1109/ACSSC.2007.4487170
10.1017/CBO9780511618420
10.1109/JIOT.2018.2869003
10.1109/ACSSC.2018.8645234
10.1109/TCOMM.2013.020413.110848
10.1109/GLOCOMW.2017.8269137
10.1109/JSAC.2020.3018822
10.1109/TVT.2014.2385878
10.1109/JIOT.2020.2973274
10.1109/JSAC.2019.2898759
10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690663
10.1109/RNDM48015.2019.8949102
10.1109/ISWCS.2018.8491078
10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057214
10.1109/COMST.2016.2532458
10.1017/CBO9781139193535
10.1109/MOBIQ.2004.1331717
10.1109/TII.2019.2895086
10.1186/s13638-019-1507-0
10.1109/TWC.2017.2655515
10.1109/VTC2021-Spring51267.2021.9448972
10.1109/TWC.2019.2929126
10.1109/TWC.2019.2941478
10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3051202
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3046773
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022
DBID 97E
RIA
RIE
AAYXX
CITATION
7SC
8FD
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
DOI 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3107242
DatabaseName IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present
IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present
IEEE Electronic Library Online
CrossRef
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Technology Research Database
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: RIE
  name: IEL
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Computer Science
EISSN 2327-4662
EndPage 400
ExternalDocumentID 10_1109_JIOT_2021_3107242
9521577
Genre orig-research
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Korea Government through the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIT) through the Development of Beyond 5G Mobile Communication Technologies (Ultra-Reliable, Low-Latency, and Massive Connectivity) and Combined Access Technologies for Cellular-Based Industrial Automation Systems
  grantid: 2017-0-00724
– fundername: Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion (IITP)
  funderid: 10.13039/501100010418
GroupedDBID 0R~
6IK
97E
AAJGR
AASAJ
ABQJQ
ABVLG
AKJIK
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ATWAV
BEFXN
BFFAM
BGNUA
BKEBE
BPEOZ
EBS
IFIPE
IPLJI
JAVBF
M43
OCL
PQQKQ
RIA
RIE
RIG
AAYXX
CITATION
7SC
8FD
JQ2
L7M
L~C
L~D
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c336t-4a199c7e222f65236534234f9949fce960250ab9ef4be48a5082d779d1eccbb53
IEDL.DBID RIE
ISSN 2327-4662
IngestDate Thu Oct 10 18:25:24 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 03:58:56 EDT 2024
Wed Jun 26 19:25:45 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed false
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c336t-4a199c7e222f65236534234f9949fce960250ab9ef4be48a5082d779d1eccbb53
ORCID 0000-0002-7071-6632
0000-0002-4895-6680
0000-0001-5819-765X
0000-0002-5416-0718
0000-0001-9927-5415
OpenAccessLink https://www.techrxiv.org/articles/preprint/Enabling_Grant-Free_URLLC_An_Overview_of_Principle_and_Enhancements_by_Massive_MIMO/14498505/files/27779010.pdf
PQID 2612467538
PQPubID 2040421
PageCount 17
ParticipantIDs proquest_journals_2612467538
ieee_primary_9521577
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2021_3107242
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-Jan.1,-1
2022-1-1
20220101
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 01
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-Jan.1,-1
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Piscataway
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Piscataway
PublicationTitle IEEE internet of things journal
PublicationTitleAbbrev JIoT
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml – name: IEEE
– name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References ref57
ref56
ref59
ref58
(ref69) 2016
ref53
ref52
ref55
ref54
(ref9) 2016
(ref13) 2017
ref51
ref50
ref46
ref45
ref48
ref47
ref42
ref41
ref44
ref43
(ref10) 2017
ref4
ref3
ref6
ref5
ref100
ref101
ref35
ref34
ref37
ref36
ref31
ref30
ref33
ref32
ref39
ref38
ref24
ref23
ref26
ref25
ref20
ref22
(ref15) 2018
ref21
(ref49) 2020
ref28
ref27
ref29
Ngo (ref86)
ref14
(ref82) 2019
ref97
ref96
ref11
ref99
ref98
ref17
ref16
ref19
ref18
ref93
ref92
ref95
ref94
ref91
ref90
ref89
ref85
ref88
ref87
ref81
ref84
ref83
ref80
(ref8) 2018
ref108
(ref110) 2018
ref78
ref109
ref106
ref107
ref104
ref105
ref77
ref102
ref76
(ref64) 2016
ref2
ref1
(ref74) 2017
(ref7) 2020
Ding (ref103) 2021
ref71
ref111
ref70
ref112
ref73
ref72
ref68
Alevizos (ref116) 2017
ref119
(ref63) 2018
ref67
ref117
ref118
ref115
ref66
ref113
ref65
ref114
(ref75) 2016
Bertsekas (ref79) 1992
(ref40) 2019
ref60
ref62
ref120
ref61
(ref12) 2017
References_xml – ident: ref58
  doi: 10.1049/iet-its.2018.5492
– ident: ref87
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2886030
– ident: ref11
  doi: 10.23919/ETR.2020.9904659
– ident: ref111
  doi: 10.1109/VTCSpring.2017.8108665
– ident: ref57
  doi: 10.1109/EuCNC.2017.7980743
– ident: ref89
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2010.2043769
– ident: ref105
  doi: 10.1109/VTCFall.2019.8891368
– ident: ref17
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3012449
– ident: ref73
  doi: 10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962790
– start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: ref103
  article-title: On outage probability for grant-free random access with K-repetition transmission
  publication-title: IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett.
  contributor:
    fullname: Ding
– ident: ref88
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2013.130205
– volume-title: Data Networks
  year: 1992
  ident: ref79
  contributor:
    fullname: Bertsekas
– ident: ref43
  doi: 10.1109/MNET.011.1900458
– year: 2016
  ident: ref9
  article-title: Study on latency reduction techniques for LTE (release 14)
– ident: ref66
  doi: 10.1109/MWC.2016.1500284WC
– ident: ref119
  doi: 10.1109/ALLERTON.2019.8919893
– ident: ref23
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6736761
– ident: ref42
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2990686
– ident: ref67
  doi: 10.1109/IEEESTD.2010.5538195
– ident: ref101
  doi: 10.1109/PIMRC.2017.8292695
– ident: ref46
  doi: 10.1109/ISWCS.2018.8491188
– ident: ref3
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3010271
– ident: ref44
  doi: 10.1109/MVT.2019.2903657
– ident: ref83
  doi: 10.1109/JSTSP.2014.2317671
– ident: ref112
  doi: 10.1109/SSP49050.2021.9513812
– ident: ref85
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2004.833345
– ident: ref27
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2017.2702604
– ident: ref76
  doi: 10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877253
– ident: ref30
  doi: 10.1109/SECONW.2017.8011041
– volume-title: Semi-Persistent Scheduling for 5G New Radio URLLC
  year: 2016
  ident: ref69
– ident: ref55
  doi: 10.1109/TSC.2020.3025993
– ident: ref108
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2019.2948841
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2018.2867029
– year: 2019
  ident: ref40
  article-title: Study on physical layer enhancements for NR ultra-reliable and low latency case (URLLC) (release 16)
– ident: ref71
  doi: 10.1109/ICC.2019.8761430
– year: 2017
  ident: ref10
  article-title: Study on scenarios and requirements for next generation access technologies (release 14)
– ident: ref29
  doi: 10.1109/ICIT.2017.7915549
– ident: ref39
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2021.3053601
– ident: ref53
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2020.2984369
– ident: ref21
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2010.092810.091092
– ident: ref28
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2017.8335719
– ident: ref31
  doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2019.100859
– ident: ref34
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2930208
– ident: ref65
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2013.111313.00244
– ident: ref62
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2016.2612223
– ident: ref115
  doi: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145297
– ident: ref50
  doi: 10.1109/TII.2020.3000502
– ident: ref68
  doi: 10.1109/WICOM.2007.710
– ident: ref60
  doi: 10.1145/3414045.3415949
– ident: ref90
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2016.2537298
– ident: ref102
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2020.3034308
– ident: ref35
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3010896
– volume-title: Scenarios, Frequencies and New Field Measurement Results From Two Operational Factory Halls at 3.5 GHz for Various Antenna Configurations
  year: 2018
  ident: ref110
– ident: ref52
  doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885815
– ident: ref100
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3017620
– year: 2019
  ident: ref82
  article-title: 5G; NR and NG-RAN overall description; stage 2; (release 15)
– ident: ref51
  doi: 10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107360
– volume-title: Inference-based distributed channel allocation in wireless sensor networks
  year: 2017
  ident: ref116
  contributor:
    fullname: Alevizos
– ident: ref4
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2914652
– ident: ref56
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2782830
– ident: ref109
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2846272
– ident: ref25
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2015.2488634
– ident: ref78
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2018.2873400
– volume-title: Service Requirements for the 5G System (Release 16)
  year: 2018
  ident: ref8
– ident: ref107
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2017.2734893
– ident: ref96
  doi: 10.1002/9780470978504
– ident: ref80
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2005.862422
– ident: ref114
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2020.3018836
– ident: ref47
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701178
– ident: ref120
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2019.2950316
– volume-title: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Access (Release 15)
  year: 2018
  ident: ref63
– ident: ref84
  doi: 10.1109/MNET.2019.1800418
– start-page: 76
  volume-title: Proc. 22nd Eur. Signal Process. Conf. (EUSIPCO)
  ident: ref86
  article-title: Aspects of favorable propagation in massive MIMO
  contributor:
    fullname: Ngo
– ident: ref98
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2993597
– ident: ref97
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3064061
– ident: ref20
  doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-372535-6.x5000-4
– volume-title: Discussion on HARQ support for URLLC
  year: 2016
  ident: ref75
– volume-title: 5G E2E Technology to Support Verticals URLLC Requirements
  year: 2020
  ident: ref7
– volume-title: SID on Physical Layer Enhancements for NR URLLC
  year: 2018
  ident: ref15
– ident: ref22
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9781316799895
– ident: ref6
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2018.2868995
– ident: ref81
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2020.3021622
– ident: ref117
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2940183
– ident: ref19
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2002.806503
– ident: ref38
  doi: 10.1109/MNET.2018.1700258
– ident: ref118
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2861407
– ident: ref2
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2985932
– ident: ref16
  doi: 10.1109/ISWCS.2019.8877325
– ident: ref14
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2827567
– ident: ref41
  doi: 10.1109/TII.2016.2617459
– ident: ref36
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2007.4487170
– ident: ref18
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511618420
– ident: ref95
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2869003
– ident: ref94
  doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2018.8645234
– ident: ref24
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.020413.110848
– ident: ref72
  doi: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2017.8269137
– ident: ref77
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2020.3018822
– ident: ref26
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2385878
– volume-title: RAN1 Chairman’s Note
  year: 2017
  ident: ref74
– ident: ref99
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.2973274
– ident: ref91
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2019.2898759
– ident: ref48
  doi: 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690663
– ident: ref70
  doi: 10.1109/RNDM48015.2019.8949102
– volume-title: New Services & Applications with 5G Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication
  year: 2020
  ident: ref49
– ident: ref45
  doi: 10.1109/ISWCS.2018.8491078
– ident: ref59
  doi: 10.1109/INFOCOM.2017.8057214
– ident: ref1
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2016.2532458
– volume-title: HARQ Design for Uplink Grant-Free Transmission
  year: 2017
  ident: ref12
– ident: ref92
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139193535
– ident: ref54
  doi: 10.1109/MOBIQ.2004.1331717
– volume-title: On 2-Step Random Access Procedure
  year: 2016
  ident: ref64
– ident: ref61
  doi: 10.1109/TII.2019.2895086
– ident: ref33
  doi: 10.1186/s13638-019-1507-0
– ident: ref32
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2017.2655515
– ident: ref93
  doi: 10.1109/VTC2021-Spring51267.2021.9448972
– volume-title: Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Layer Procedures, V14.2.0
  year: 2017
  ident: ref13
– ident: ref104
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2019.2929126
– ident: ref106
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2019.2941478
– ident: ref113
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3051202
– ident: ref37
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3046773
SSID ssj0001105196
Score 2.4328973
Snippet Enabling ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) with stringent requirements for transmitting data packets (e.g., 99.999% reliability and 1-ms latency)...
SourceID proquest
crossref
ieee
SourceType Aggregation Database
Publisher
StartPage 384
SubjectTerms 5G mobile communication
Cell-free (CF)
Delays
grant-free (GF) random access
Industries
Long Term Evolution
massive MIMO (mMIMO)
MIMO communication
Network latency
Packet transmission
Random access
Reliability
retransmission
Smart manufacturing
Ultra reliable low latency communication
ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC)
Title Enabling Grant-Free URLLC: An Overview of Principle and Enhancements by Massive MIMO
URI https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9521577
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2612467538
Volume 9
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LT8MwDLaAExfeiPFSDpwQHX2k7cJtmjbYtDKENolblaSukJA6NDoQ_HqcrB3iceDWQypFtmN_nxPbAGfSDSRylI4kZu1woVynJdF1chkpPwwy1UKT0E9uo5sJHzyEDytwsayFQUT7-Ayb5tPe5WdTPTepsktBsSaM41VYjYVY1Gp95VM8A0ai6uLSc8XloD8aEwH0PeKlbuxz_1vosbNUfjlgG1V6m5DU-1k8JnlqzkvV1B8_WjX-d8NbsFHBS9Ze2MM2rGCxA5v16AZWneRdGHdNzRSFLXZNwap0ejNENrkfDjtXrF2w0atxIfjGpjm7q9PxTBYZ6xaPxk5sYRxT7ywh8E0OkyX9ZLQHk1533LlxqgELjg6CqHS49ITQMRJGyCNipFFo-gHyXAguco1EbgggSSUw5wp5SxKY87M4FplHilcqDPZhrZgWeADM81HHPOeYuZpHOlB5JhXXhEekzLjkDTivZZ8-L_popJZ_uCI1ikqNotJKUQ3YNbJcLqzE2IDjWltpddJeUtMCjZw9-e3Dv_86gnXflCzYtMkxrJWzOZ4QkCjVqbWgTwSWxbk
link.rule.ids 315,783,787,799,27936,27937,55086
linkProvider IEEE
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LT8MwDLZ4HODCayDGMwdOiI4-0nbhhtDGNtYNoU3iViWpKySkDkEHgl-P07VDPA7cekilyHbs73NiG-BE2p5EjtKSxKwtLpRtNSXaVioD5fpeoppoEvrRIOiMee_ev1-As3ktDCIWj8-wYT6Lu_xkoqcmVXYuKNb4YbgIy4Srm8GsWusro-IYOBKUV5eOLc573eGIKKDrEDO1Q5e734JPMU3llwsu4kp7HaJqR7PnJI-Naa4a-uNHs8b_bnkD1kqAyS5nFrEJC5htwXo1vIGVZ7kGo5apmqLAxa4pXOVW-xmRje_6_asLdpmx4atxIvjGJim7rRLyTGYJa2UPxlKK0jim3llE8JtcJou60XAbxu3W6KpjlSMWLO15QW5x6QihQySUkAbESQPfdATkqRBcpBqJ3hBEkkpgyhXypiSxu0kYisQh1SvlezuwlE0y3AXmuKhDnnJMbM0D7ak0kYprQiRSJlzyOpxWso-fZp004oKB2CI2ioqNouJSUXWoGVnOF5ZirMNBpa24PGsvsWmCRu6ePPfe338dw0pnFPXjfndwsw-rrilgKJIoB7CUP0_xkGBFro4Ka_oEh4vJBA
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Enabling+Grant-Free+URLLC%3A+An+Overview+of+Principle+and+Enhancements+by+Massive+MIMO&rft.jtitle=IEEE+internet+of+things+journal&rft.au=Ding%2C+Jie&rft.au=Nemati%2C+Mahyar&rft.au=Pokhrel%2C+Shiva+Raj&rft.au=Ok-Sun%2C+Park&rft.date=2022-01-01&rft.pub=The+Institute+of+Electrical+and+Electronics+Engineers%2C+Inc.+%28IEEE%29&rft.eissn=2327-4662&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=384&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FJIOT.2021.3107242&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2327-4662&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2327-4662&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2327-4662&client=summon