Fast Restoration for Out-of-Focus Blurred Images of QR Code With Edge Prior Information via Image Sensing

Out-of-focus blurring of the QR code is very common in mobile Internet systems, which often causes failure of authentication as a result of a misreading of the information hence adversely affects the operation of the system. To tackle this difficulty, this work firstly introduced an edge prior infor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE sensors journal Vol. 21; no. 16; pp. 18222 - 18236
Main Authors Chen, Rongjun, Zheng, Zhijun, Yu, Yongxing, Zhao, Huimin, Ren, Jinchang, Tan, Hong-Zhou
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York IEEE 15.08.2021
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects
Algorithms
Blurring
CMOS
Deep learning
Degradation
edge prior information
Image edge detection
Image filters
Image restoration
Image sensing
Iterative methods
Kernel
Light spots
Logistics
optical imaging
out-of-focus blurring
Parameter estimation
QR code images
Robustness (mathematics)
Sensors
Sorting
Wiener filtering
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Summary:Out-of-focus blurring of the QR code is very common in mobile Internet systems, which often causes failure of authentication as a result of a misreading of the information hence adversely affects the operation of the system. To tackle this difficulty, this work firstly introduced an edge prior information, which is the average distance between the center point and the edge of the clear QR code images in the same batch. It is motivated by the theoretical analysis and the practical observation of the theory of CMOS image sensing, optics information, blur invariants, and the invariance of the center of the diffuse light spots. After obtaining the edge prior information, combining the iterative image and the center point of the binary image, the proposed method can accurately estimate the parameter of the out-of-focus blur kernel. Furthermore, we obtain the sharp image by Wiener filter, a non-blind image deblurring algorithm. By this, it avoids excessive redundant calculations. Experimental results validate that the proposed method has great practical utility in terms of deblurring quality, robustness, and computational efficiency, which is suitable for barcode application systems, e.g., warehouse, logistics, and automated production.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2021.3085568