Credit risk assessment using the factorization machine model with feature interactions

• Published in: Humanities & social sciences communications Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 234 - 10
• Main Authors: Quan, Jing, Sun, Xuelian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Palgrave Macmillan 01.12.2024; Springer Nature
• Subjects: Artificial intelligence; Banking; Classification; Credit risk; Datasets; Discriminant analysis; Financial institutions; Machine learning; Optimization techniques; Parameter estimation; Risk assessment; Support vector machines
• ISSN: 2662-9992; 2662-9992
• DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-02700-7

Abstract The accuracy of credit risk evaluation is crucial for the profitability of any financial institution. The factorization machine is a widely available model that can effectively be utilized for classification or regression through appropriate feature transformation. In this article, we apply the factorization machine model to the field of credit risk assessment. Since some features of the credit risk assessment data are not numerical, one-hot encoding is used, resulting in sparse training data. However, the computational complexity of the factorization machine is polynomial. To illustrate the effectiveness of the factorization machine credit risk assessment model and compare its performance with other classification approaches such as logical regression, support vector machine, k -nearest neighbors, and artificial neural network, we conduct numerical experiments on four real-world credit risk evaluation datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed factorization machine credit risk assessment model achieves higher accuracy compared to other machine-learning models on real-world datasets and is computationally more efficient. Therefore, the factorization machine model can be considered as a suitable candidate for credit risk assessment.