Tissue metabolism during endotoxin shock after pretreatment with monophosphoryl lipid A

• Published in: Cardiovascular research Vol. 59; no. 1; pp. 105 - 112
• Main Authors: KLAUS, Stephan, STAUBACH, Karl H, HERINGLAKE, Matthias, GLIEMROTH, Jan, SCHMUCKER, Peter, BAHLMANN, Ludger
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Oxford University Press 01.07.2003
• Subjects: Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Emergency and intensive cardiocirculatory care. Cardiogenic shock. Coronary intensive care; Endotoxins; Female; Glycerol - analysis; Intensive care medicine; Lactic Acid - analysis; Lipid A - analogs & derivatives; Lipid A - therapeutic use; Liver - metabolism; Medical sciences; Microdialysis; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Shock, Septic - drug therapy; Shock, Septic - metabolism; Subcutaneous Tissue - metabolism; Swine; Time Factors; Shock; Liver; Vaccination; Cardiovascular disease; Endotoxin; Muscle; Pretreatment; Subcutaneous tissue; Ungulata; Monitoring; Pigs; Treatment efficiency; Glycerol; Metabolism; Pig; Toxin; Lactates; Vertebrata; Chemotherapy; Mammalia; Microdialysis; Treatment; Animal; Sepsis; Artiodactyla; Hemodynamics
• ISSN: 0008-6363; 1755-3245
• DOI: 10.1016/S0008-6363(03)00347-X

Preconditioning pigs with low doses of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a non toxic derivate of lipid A, has been shown to induce endotoxin hyporesponsiveness and to reduce the metabolic and hemodynamic consequences of endotoxin shock. However, the mechanism is presently unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the effects of pretreatment with MPL on tissue metabolism in different organs by in vivo microdialysis of interstitial fluid. In a controlled animal study at the university research laboratory, seven female mixed-breed pigs were exposed to an endotoxin infusion (1 microg/kg b.w. per h) after pretreatment with MPL in incremental doses of endotoxin during days 5-2 before the experiments. Seven animals receiving a saline pretreatment served as a control group. Hemodynamic variables and blood gas analyses including blood lactate were determined every 30 min until the animals died. Interstitial lactate and glycerol levels were measured in muscle, subcutaneous tissue and liver using in vivo microdialysis. Survival time was significantly prolonged after MPL preconditioning (8.95 (7.5-9.1) h vs. 5.35 (5.0-5.6) h, P<0.05). Hemodynamic parameters were not significantly different between the treatment and control groups, while mixed venous saturation (81% (70-93%) vs. 30% (22-48%)) and arterial blood pH (7.39 (7.33-7.44) vs. 7.21 (7.1-7.25)) and pO(2) were significantly higher in the preconditioned group (P<0.05). The interstitial concentrations of lactate and glycerol in all investigated tissues were significantly higher in control animals than the those who had been pretreated with MPL (P<0.05). Preconditioning with low doses of monosphosphoryl lipid A attenuates the negative effects of endotoxemia on tissue metabolism, probably by reducing O(2)-consumption. These changes may be subtle and, hence, only fully detectable by monitoring tissue metabolism.