Correlation between increased platelet-associated IgG and thrombocytopenia in secondary dengue virus infections

• Published in: Journal of medical virology Vol. 71; no. 2; pp. 259 - 264
• Main Authors: Oishi, Kazunori, Inoue, Shingo, Cinco, Maria T.D.D., Dimaano, Efren M., Alera, Maria T.P., Alfon, Jhoe A.R., Abanes, Ferdinand, Cruz, Deu J.M., Matias, Ronald R., Matsuura, Hiromi, Hasebe, Futoshi, Tanimura, Susumu, Kumatori, Atsushi, Morita, Kouichi, Natividad, Filipinas F., Nagatake, Tsuyoshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.10.2003; Wiley-Liss
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; anti-dengue virus IgG; Arboviroses; Autoantibodies - blood; Autoantibodies - immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Platelets - immunology; Child; dengue; Dengue - complications; Dengue fevers; Dengue Virus - immunology; Female; Human viral diseases; Humans; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Immunoglobulin G - immunology; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; PAIgG; Platelet Count; secondary infection; thrombocytopenia; Thrombocytopenia - etiology; Tropical viral diseases; Viral diseases; Human; Thrombocytopenia; Pathogenesis; Dengue; IgG; Hemopathy; Dengue virus; Flavivirus; Infection; Virus; Platelet; Viral disease; Dengue group virus; Arbovirus disease; Flaviviridae
• ISSN: 0146-6615; 1096-9071
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.10478

Although the public health impact of dengue is increasing rapidly, the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in this disease remains unknown. To elucidate this mechanism, the relationship between platelet‐associated IgG (PAIgG) and platelet count in 53 patients in the acute phase of secondary dengue virus infection was investigated in a prospective‐hospital‐based study. A significant inverse correlation between the two parameters was found in these patients, while no correlation was observed in healthy volunteers. The low baseline platelet counts during the acute phase in 12 patients with secondary dengue virus infection significantly increased during the convalescent phase, while the increased PAIgG levels during the acute phase in these patients significantly decreased during the convalescent phase. Anti‐platelet IgG autoantibody was detected rarely in the plasma of 53 patients with secondary dengue infection. The involvement of anti‐dengue virus IgG was also shown in platelets from all of 8 patients in the acute phase of secondary dengue virus infection. These findings suggest that PAIgG formation involving anti‐dengue virus IgG plays a pivotal role in the induction of transient thrombocytopenia during the acute phase of secondary dengue virus infection. J. Med. Virol. 71:259–264, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.