Poor Long-Term Functional Outcome After Stroke Among Adults Aged 18 to 50 Years: Follow-Up of Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke Patients and Unelucidated Risk Factor Evaluation (FUTURE) Study

• Published in: Stroke (1970) Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 1157 - 1160
• Main Authors: Synhaeve, Nathalie E, Arntz, Renate M, Maaijwee, Noortje A.M, Rutten-Jacobs, Loes C.A, Schoonderwaldt, Henny C, Dorresteijn, Lucille D.A, de Kort, Paul L.M, van Dijk, Ewoud J, de Leeuw, Frank-Erik
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD American Heart Association, Inc 01.04.2014; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Activities of Daily Living; Adolescent; Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Ischemia - epidemiology; Brain Ischemia - therapy; Cerebral Hemorrhage - epidemiology; Cerebral Hemorrhage - therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient - epidemiology; Ischemic Attack, Transient - therapy; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes); Neurology; Prognosis; Recovery of Function; Risk Factors; Stroke - epidemiology; Stroke - therapy; Survivors - statistics & numerical data; Time; Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system; Young Adult; Vascular disease; Human; Cerebral infarction; Stroke; Nervous system diseases; Prognosis; Central nervous system disease; Risk factor; Brain ischemia; Cardiovascular disease; Cerebrovascular disease; Cerebral disorder; prognosis
• ISSN: 0039-2499; 1524-4628
• DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.004411

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE—Stroke in young adults has a dramatic effect on life; therefore, we investigated the long-term functional outcome after transient ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, or intracerebral hemorrhage in adults aged 18 to 50 years. METHODS—We studied 722 young patients with first-ever stroke admitted between January 1, 1980, and November 1, 2010. Functional outcome was assessed by stroke subtype with the modified Rankin Scale and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. RESULTS—After a mean follow-up of 9.1 (SD, 8.2) years, 32.0% of all patients had a poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, >2); for ischemic stroke, this was 36.5%, for intracerebral hemorrhage 49.3%, and for transient ischemic attack 16.8%. At follow-up, 10.8% of transient ischemic attack, 14.6% of ischemic stroke, and 18.2% of intracerebral hemorrhage patients had a poor outcome as assessed by Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (<8). CONCLUSIONS—Ten years after ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults, 1 of 8 survivors is still dependent in daily life.