Analysis of lumbar flexion in sitting posture: Location of lumbar vertebrae with relation to easily identifiable skin marks

• Published in: International journal of industrial ergonomics Vol. 36; no. 11; pp. 937 - 942
• Main Authors: Vergara, M., Page, A., Sancho, J.L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2006
• Subjects: Anatomical marks; Location of lumbar vertebrae; Lumbar flexion; Sitting posture; Anatomical marks; Lumbar flexion; Sitting posture; Location of lumbar vertebrae
• ISSN: 0169-8141; 1872-8219
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ergon.2006.07.006

Lumbar flexion analysis is a widely used technique for surveying the sitting posture and evaluating the ergonomics of chair designs. Non-invasive measurement devices require the correct identification of the position of the vertebral bodies and spinous processes by palpation, and the effect of the skin displacement associated with the trunk flexion must also be taken into account. Procedures for this location are developed for the clinical examination of the ranges of lumbar motion and are usually carried out in standing posture by specialists. Pelvis rotation and skin displacement that occur when sitting make these procedures difficult to apply for ergonomic purposes. This paper presents the results of a radiological study aimed at selecting easily identifiable reference marks on the back, which can be used to analyse the lumbar flexion that occurs in sitting posture. The relationships between internal and external angles in the lumbar area of the back and the effect of skin displacement in the determination of the position of the spinous processes are also considered in a proposal for a simple and reliable procedure for the identification of anatomical marks of the spine that can be used for ergonomic purposes. Sitting posture is commonly used at workplaces. Lumbar flexion measurement in sitting posture is important to evaluate the ergonomics of workplaces. Proper location of lumbar vertebrae is necessary for this purpose.