Optical PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry in one- and two-dimensional optical lattices

• Published in: The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Vol. 77; no. 2
• Main Authors: Sun, Ruijin, Zhong, Wenxue, Cheng, Guangling, Chen, Aixi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antisymmetry; Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Theory; Atomic; Closed loops; Data processing; Density; Molecular; Optical and Plasma Physics; Optical lattices; Physical Chemistry; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quantum Information Technology; Quantum phenomena; Quantum Physics; Rabi frequency; Regular Article – Quantum Optics; Spectroscopy/Spectrometry; Spintronics; Standing waves; Symmetry
• ISSN: 1434-6060; 1434-6079
• DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-023-00609-5

The optical PT -symmetric and PT -antisymmetric characteristics are simultaneously investigated in the four-level atoms trapped in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices. The atoms with Gaussian-distributed density are driven into the closed-loop configuration by a standing wave field, two microwave fields and a probe field, where the relative phase of the external fields plays an essential role in changing the effective polarizability of such a system. It is found that the relative phase could lead to the switching from absorption to gain accompanied by the larger dispersion and, meanwhile, induce the giant gain with the simultaneous presence of the positive and negative dispersion. With the aid of spatial atomic density and standing wave modulation, both the optical PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry are achieved in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices, where the PT antisymmetry with the gain is presented. Furthermore, changing the other parameters such as Rabi frequencies and probe detuning has an impact on the realization of PT symmetry and PT antisymmetry, which may have some important applications in quantum information processing. Graphical abstract