AC transmission expansion planning based on self‐organized criticality to mitigate the risk of cascading blackouts

• Published in: IET generation, transmission & distribution Vol. 17; no. 9; pp. 2097 - 2114
• Main Authors: Tavakoli, Mohamad Reza, Ebrahimi, Akbar, Latify, Mohammad Amin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 01.05.2023
• Subjects: cascading outages; multi‐objective optimization; probabilistic risk assessment; self‐organized criticality; transmission expansion planning
• ISSN: 1751-8687; 1751-8695
• DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.12793

The secular increase of load causes the evolving power system to operate near the critical margins. In such attitudes, the probability of cascading line outages, as the major reason for recent blackouts, is much more than expected. As a result, an innovative approach for optimal AC transmission expansion planning (TEP) to minimize the risk of cascading blackouts is presented in this paper. The proposed multi‐objective AC‐TEP problem minimizes the expected energy not supplied due to the total load shedding imposed on the system to mitigate the risk of cascading line outages along with the total investment and operational costs of the new transmission lines planned to be optimally added to the system. This probabilistic procedure is based on self‐organized criticality and considers the actual aspects of the power system such as reactive power and voltage concerns in the planning stage. The obtained Pareto front set provides the opportunity for the planners to choose the most preferred solution. The proposed method is implemented and verified in the IEEE 118‐bus test system and compared with two types of TEP approaches. The first one is a previously reported version of this work which was a simplified DC model of the problem and the second one is the conventional AC‐TEP model. The obtained results show the benefits of the proposed AC model on the mitigation of cascading line outages in a more realistic framework, considering the impact of reactive power and voltage stability concerns. An innovative approach for optimal AC transmission expansion planning (AC‐TEP) to minimize the risk of cascading blackouts is presented in this paper. The proposed multi‐objective AC‐TEP problem minimizes the expected energy not supplied due to the total load shedding imposed on the system to mitigate the risk of cascading line outages along with the total investment and operational costs of the new transmission lines planned to be optimally added to the system. This probabilistic procedure is based on self‐organized criticality and considers the actual aspects of the power system such as reactive power and voltage concerns in the planning stage.