Advances and Emerging Challenges in Cognitive Internet-of-Things

• Published in: IEEE transactions on industrial informatics Vol. 16; no. 8; pp. 5489 - 5496
• Main Authors: Li, Feng, Lam, Kwok-Yan, Li, Xiuhua, Sheng, Zhengguo, Hua, Jingyu, Wang, Li
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 01.08.2020; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Bandwidth; Bandwidths; Cognitive radio; Devices; Dynamic spectrum access; Heterogeneity; Interference; Internet of Things; Internet of Things (IoT); optimization theory; Privacy; Sensors; Spectrum allocation; Standardization
• ISSN: 1551-3203; 1941-0050
• DOI: 10.1109/TII.2019.2953246

The evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and their adoption in new generation intelligent systems has generated a huge demand for wireless bandwidth. This bandwidth problem is further exacerbated by another characteristics of IoT applications, i.e., IoT devices are usually deployed in massive number, thus leading to an awkward scenario that many bandwidth-hungry devices are chasing after the very limited wireless bandwidth within a small geographic area. As such, cognitive radio has received much attention of the research community as an important means for addressing the bandwidth needs of IoT applications. When enabling IoT devices with cognitive functionalities including spectrum sensing, dynamic spectrum accessing, circumstantial perceiving, and self-learning, one will also need to fully study other critical issues such as standardization, privacy protection, and heterogeneous coexistence. In this article, we investigate the structural frameworks and potential applications of cognitive IoT. We further discuss the spectrum-based functionalities and heterogeneity for cognitive IoT. Security and privacy issues involved in cognitive IoT are also investigated. Finally, we present the key challenges and future direction of research on cognitive-radio-based IoT networks.