Furfural-based P/N/S flame retardant towards high-performance epoxy resins with flame retardancy, toughness, low dielectric properties and UV resistance

•A bio-based flame retardant (FDI) was synthesized for epoxy resin.•FDI endows EP with excellent flame retardancy and low dielectric properties.•The introduction of FDI significantly improved the toughness of epoxy resin. The development of high-performance EP composites with high glass transition t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inPolymer degradation and stability Vol. 212; p. 110343
Main Authors Wang, Yadong, Ma, Li, Yuan, Jun, Zhu, Zongmin, Liu, Xiaoming, Li, Dengsong, He, Liqing, Xiao, Fei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2023
Subjects
DOPO
Epoxy resin
Flame retardant
Smoke suppression
UV resistance
Epoxy resin
Flame retardant
DOPO
Smoke suppression
UV resistance
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Summary:•A bio-based flame retardant (FDI) was synthesized for epoxy resin.•FDI endows EP with excellent flame retardancy and low dielectric properties.•The introduction of FDI significantly improved the toughness of epoxy resin. The development of high-performance EP composites with high glass transition temperature (Tg), excellent flame retardancy, and UV resistance is a challenging topic in the flame retardancy community. In this work, a bio-based phosphorus/nitrogen/sulfur (P/N/S) containing flame retardant (FDI) was prepared from furfural, 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, and DOPO. It was applied to improve the flame retardant, dielectric, and UV-resistant properties of EP. Thanks to the combination of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur in FDI, the EP/FDI composites showed superior flame retardancy. Only adding 5 wt% FDI made EP achieve UL-94 V-0 flammability rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 27%. Meanwhile, EP/FDI-5% composite showed significant reduction of 65.1% and 33.6% in total smoke production (TSP) and the peak heat release rate (pHRR), respectively. The flame-retardant mechanisms of EP/FDI thermosets were investigated by residual char photographs, SEM, XPS, and Py/GC-MS. Moreover, compared to pure EP, EP/FDI composites showed excellent UV resistance, low dielectric properties, and high glass transition temperature, which was expected to be extensively used in multiple areas of production.
ISSN:0141-3910
DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110343