Profile of mood states in adult type 1 diabetes mellitus men and women with disease onset in childhood and in adulthood

• Published in: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 28; no. 3; pp. 279 - 285
• Main Authors: Lašaitė, Lina, Ostrauskas, Rytas, Žalinkevičius, Rimantas, Jurgevičienė, Nijolė, Radzevičienė, Lina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany De Gruyter 01.03.2015; Walter de Gruyter GmbH
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; adulthood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus; Affect; Age of Onset; Child; Child, Preschool; childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus; Depression - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - psychology; Female; gender-specific differences; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lithuania - epidemiology; Male; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Middle Aged; profile of mood states; Stress, Psychological - epidemiology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Lithuania
• ISSN: 0334-018X; 2191-0251
• DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2014-0162

Although diabetes may not be associated with psychopathology, it may be associated with less severe disturbances in psychosocial functioning. Emotional problems in relation to type 1 diabetes are usually analysed as symptoms of psychiatric conditions but not as states of mood. The aim was to compare profiles of mood states in adult patients with childhood-onset and adulthood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus and to outline possible gender-specific differences. A total of 214 adult type 1 diabetic patients were randomly selected from the Lithuanian Diabetes Registry. The mood states were compared in 105 (42 men and 63 women) patients with type 1 diabetes diagnosed during 0–18 years of life and in 109 (61 men and 48 women) diagnosed in adulthood. The scores of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, vigour-activity, fatigue-inertia and confusion-bewilderment were evaluated using the Profile of Mood States. Depression-dejection was higher in adulthood-onset diabetic women than in childhood-onset (p=0.005) diabetic patients. In childhood-onset diabetic patients depression-dejection (p=0.046) and confusion-bewilderment (p=0.033) were higher in women than in men. Adulthood-onset women with diabetes had higher tension-anxiety (p=0.027), depression-dejection (p=0.001), and confusion-bewilderment (p=0.004) scores than men. Multiple logistic analyses showed that adulthood-onset period of type 1 diabetes is associated with higher levels of depression-dejection [OR=1.1; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.01–1.19, p=0.025], longer diabetes duration (OR=2.00; 95% CI 1.27–2.03, p=0.012), higher HbA1c level (OR=1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.3, p=0.023), and female gender (OR=2.51; 95% CI 1.29–2.90, p=0.021). Profile of mood states in adult women with type 1 diabetes is worse than in men. Adulthood-onset type 1 diabetic women have higher depression-dejection than do childhood-onset diabetic patients. Adulthood-onset period of type 1 diabetes is associated with higher levels of depression-dejection, longer diabetes duration and female gender.