Adventitious shoot formation in tulip: histological analysis and response to selective agents

• Published in: Plant science (Limerick) Vol. 110; no. 1; pp. 155 - 164
• Main Authors: Wilmink, A., van de Ven, B.C.E., Custers, J.B.M., Nöllen, Y., Dons, J.J.M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.09.1995; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adventitious shoot formation; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Economic plant physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Histology; In vitro culture; Plant physiology and development; Selective agents; Tissue cultures, protoplasts; Transformation; Tulipa gesneriana L; Transformation; Histology; Tulipa gesneriana L; Selective agents; Adventitious shoot formation; Culture medium; Monocotyledones; Tissue culture; Micropropagation; Stem; Organogenesis; Regeneration; Liliaceae; Bulb; Angiospermae; Tulipa gesneriana; Flower crop; Above ground plant part; Spermatophyta; Comparative study; Cultivar
• ISSN: 0168-9452; 1873-2259
• DOI: 10.1016/0168-9452(95)04191-V

On explants taken from young floral stems of tulip ( Tulipa gesneriana L.) adventitious shoot formation was induced. The shoots were formed directly from the explants without an intermediate callus phase. More shoots developed on explants taken from dry-stored bulbs than from bulbs stored in ice. At the basis of the shoots a meristem was formed that developed into a new bulb. The ability to form this bulb meristem was compared in 8 cultivars, and was highest in Lucky Strike and Monte Carlo. Adventitious shoot formation was initiated in the first two subepidermal cell layers and a number of cells of the original explant contributed to the shoot formation. To avoid the formation of chimeric transformed shoots in future transformation, an optimal selection system was established. For selection purposes, the aminoglycoside antibiotics were not very effective in inhibiting shoot formation, since tulip tissue showed a high tolerance for kanamycin, while G418 and hygromycin induced severe necrosis of the explants at low concentrations. In contrast, the herbicides phosphinothricin and glyphosate were very effective and offer good perspectives to be used for selection of transformed shoots.