The enzymatic recalcitrance of internodes of sugar cane hybrids with contrasting lignin contents

• Published in: Industrial crops and products Vol. 51; pp. 202 - 211
• Main Authors: Costa, Thales H.F., Masarin, Fernando, Bonifácio, Tainã O., Milagres, Adriane M.F., Ferraz, André
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2013
• Subjects: Cellulases; cellulose; enzymatic hydrolysis; grasses; hemicellulose; hybrids; hydrolysis; internodes; Lignin; Microspectrophotometry; pith; Recalcitrance; Sugar cane; sugarcane; vascular bundles; Microspectrophotometry; Lignin; Sugar cane; Recalcitrance; Cellulases
• ISSN: 0926-6690; 1872-633X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.078

•Inner parts of untreated sugar cane internodes were completely hydrolyzed by cellulases.•The recalcitrance correlated with microscopic and chemical characteristics of the samples.•The abundance of vascular bundles inversely correlated with cellulose conversion levels.•An empirical parameter was defined to predict cellulose conversion levels. The recalcitrance in grasses varies according to cell type and maturation. The origin of the recalcitrance in different regions from sugar cane internodes with varied lignin contents was evaluated. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis was correlated with the chemical, micromorphological and microspectrophotometric characteristics of the samples. The internodes of three sugar cane hybrids were dissected into four different fractions. The outermost fraction and the rind were the most recalcitrant regions, whereas the pith–rind interface and the pith were less recalcitrant. Cellulose conversion reached 86% after 72h of enzymatic digestion of the pith from the hybrid with the lowest lignin content. There was an inversely proportional correlation between the area occupied by vascular bundles and the efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis. High cellulose and low lignin or hemicellulose contents enhanced the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the polysaccharides. The critical evaluation of the results permitted to propose an empirical parameter for predicting cellulose conversion levels that accounts for the positive effect of high cellulose and low lignin plus hemicellulose and the detrimental effect of abundant vascular bundles. The cellulose conversion levels fit well to this calculated parameter, following a second order polynomial with an r2 value of 0.96.