Antimicrobial profiling of coral reef and sponge associated bacteria from southeast coast of India

• Published in: Microbial pathogenesis Vol. 141; p. 103972
• Main Authors: Rajasabapathy, Raju, Ghadi, Sanjeev C., Manikandan, Balakrishnan, Mohandass, Chellandi, Surendran, Akhila, Dastager, Syed G., Meena, Ram M., James, Rathinam Arthur
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2020
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Anti-MRSA; Antimicrobial activity; Bacteria - drug effects; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacterial diversity; Biodiversity; Biological Products - isolation & purification; Biological Products - pharmacology; Chemical Fractionation; Coral reef; Coral Reefs; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Microbiota - drug effects; Porifera - microbiology; Sponge; Anti-MRSA; Coral reef; Antimicrobial activity; Sponge; Bacterial diversity
• ISSN: 0882-4010; 1096-1208
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.103972

Culturable bacteria associated with marine sponges and coral mucus (collected from Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay) were screened for their prospective antimicrobial compounds against 9 bacterial pathogens (Bacillus megaterium, B. cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsillla pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii) and a fungal pathogen (Candida albicans). Of the 263 bacterial isolates obtained during this study, 52 isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against one or more pathogens. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that these 52 strains affiliated to 14 genera from three phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Sponge associated bacterial strains F-04, I-23, I-33 and G-03 inhibited the growth of all the bacterial pathogens tested in this study and significantly the former 2 strains inhibited the growth of fungal pathogen also. Majority of the potential strains (88.4% out of 52 strains) inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus. Interestingly, an actinomycete strain F-04 (isolated from sponge Orina sagittaria) inhibited the growth of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In total, 10 volatile organic compounds were determined from the ethyl acetate and hexane extract of the strain F-04 using GC-MS. Overall, marine bacteria isolated during this study demonstrate the potential for the development of broad spectrum antibiotics. •Coral and sponges associated bacteria were isolated from southeast coast of India.•Fifty two isolates exhibited antimicrobial properties against one or more pathogens.•Rothia kristinae strain F-04 (sponge associated) inhibited the growth of MRSA.•Bacterial strains F-04, I-23, I-33 and G-03 showed broad spectrum activity.