Microbiome: Effects of Ageing and Diet

The microbial community inhabiting our intestine, known as 'microbiota', and the ensemble of their genomes (microbiome) regulate important functions of the host, being essential for health maintenance. The recent development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods has greatly facilitat...

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Published inCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology Vol. 36; pp. 33 - 62
Main Authors Salazar, Nuria, González, Sonia, Nogacka, Alicja M., Rios-Covián, David, Arboleya, Silvia, Gueimonde, Miguel, Reyes-Gavilán, Clara G. de los
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland 01.01.2020
Subjects
Adult
Aged
Aging - immunology
Aging - metabolism
Aging - pathology
Bacterial Infections - immunology
Bacterial Infections - physiopathology
Diet - adverse effects
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Gene Expression Profiling
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - metabolism
Metabolomics
Microbiota - genetics
Microbiota - immunology
Microbiota - physiology
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Summary:The microbial community inhabiting our intestine, known as 'microbiota', and the ensemble of their genomes (microbiome) regulate important functions of the host, being essential for health maintenance. The recent development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods has greatly facilitated the study of the microbiota and has contributed to evidence of the strong influence exerted by age and diet. However, the precise way in which the diet and its components modify the functionality of the intestinal microbiome is far from being completely known. Changes in the intestinal microbiota occur during ageing, frequently accompanied by physiological changes of the digestive tract, modification of dietary patterns and impairment of the immune system. Establishing nutritional strategies aiming to counterbalance the specific alterations taking place in the microbiota during ageing would contribute to improved health status in the elderly. This review will analyse changes appearing in the intestinal microbiota from adulthood to old age and their association with dietary patterns and lifestyle factors.
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ISSN:1467-3037
1467-3045
1467-3045
DOI:10.21775/cimb.036.033