Melatonin protects the heart and endothelium against high fructose corn syrup consumption–induced cardiovascular toxicity via SIRT-1 signaling

• Published in: Human & experimental toxicology Vol. 38; no. 10; pp. 1212 - 1223
• Main Authors: Savran, M, Asci, H, Ozmen, O, Erzurumlu, Y, Savas, HB, Sonmez, Y, Sahin, Y
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.10.2019; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Angiogenin; Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta - drug effects; Aorta - metabolism; Aorta - pathology; Apoptosis; Aspartate transaminase; Biochemical analysis; Biomarkers - metabolism; C-reactive protein; Cardiotoxicity; Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Caspase; Caspase-3; Corn; Corn syrup; Creatine; Creatine kinase; Drinking water; Endothelial cells; Endothelium; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism; Endothelium, Vascular - pathology; Fructose; Heart; Heart - drug effects; High Fructose Corn Syrup - toxicity; Hyperemia; Inflammation; Kinases; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactic acid; Male; Melatonin; Melatonin - pharmacology; Myocardium - metabolism; Myocardium - pathology; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Peroxidase; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sirtuin 1 - metabolism; Syrup; Syrups; Toxicity; Transaminase; Oxidative stress; corn syrup; apoptosis; inflammation; cardiac damage
• ISSN: 0960-3271; 1477-0903
• DOI: 10.1177/0960327119860188

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has been shown to cause cardiovascular toxicity via oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the protective effects of melatonin (MLT) against HFCS-induced endothelial and cardiac dysfunction via oxidative stress and inflammation. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley male rats were distributed into three groups as control, HFCS, and HFCS + MLT. HFCS form F55 was prepared as 20% fructose syrup solution and given to the rats through drinking water for 10 weeks, and MLT administrated 10 mg/kg/day orally for last 6 weeks in addition to F55. After decapitation, blood and half of the heart samples were collected for biochemical analysis and other half of the tissues for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase MB, lactate dehydrogenase, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index, and caspase-3 levels increased and total antioxidant status levels decreased significantly in HFCS group. MLT treatment reversed all these parameters. Histopathologically, hyperemia, endothelial cell damage and increased levels of angiogenin, C-reactive protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase, myeloperoxidase and decreased sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) expressions were observed in HFCS group. MLT ameliorated all these changes. MLT has an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic effects on HFCS-induced cardiovascular toxicity through enhancing the expression of SIRT-1.