Can new urbanism infill development contribute to social sustainability? The case of Orlando, Florida

• Published in: Urban studies (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 54; no. 16; pp. 3843 - 3862
• Main Authors: Kim, Jeongseob, Larsen, Kristin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications Ltd 01.12.2017; SAGE Publications; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Active control; Affordability; Affordable housing; Best practice; Brownfields; Causality; Economic development; Housing; Impact analysis; Implementation; Income; Infill; Inner city; Land use; Multiculturalism & pluralism; Neighborhoods; Quality of life; Redevelopment; Regeneration; Social development; Social integration; Social sustainability; Socioeconomic factors; Socioeconomics; Sustainability; Sustainable development; Urbanism; United States > US; Orlando Florida; 多样性; 社会可持续性; diversity; social sustainability; infill development; new urbanism; 可负担性; 新都市主义; 填充式开发; affordability
• ISSN: 0042-0980; 1360-063X
• DOI: 10.1177/0042098016670557

The new urbanism promotes preferred design and land use patterns as a means to enhance quality of life through socioeconomic diversity, but many criticise these assertions of causality. Deriving community indicators for social sustainability – including housing affordability and socioeconomic diversity – and from studies assessing new urbanism as an infill development tool, we examine the impact of new urbanism infill development in Parramore, an economically distressed inner city neighbourhood, and Baldwin Park, a brownfield inner-ring suburb, with comparative control neighbourhoods in Orlando, Florida. In Parramore, active new urbanism implementation, including HOPE VI and the Partnership for Sustainable Communities, reflect revitalisation efforts through increased socioeconomic diversity. Meanwhile, the Baldwin Park plan incorporates many new urbanist best practices. The findings from these two distinct cases of infill development indicate that the new urbanism does not necessarily ensure social sustainability, though these principles are often integrated into publicly funded revitalisation initiatives dedicated to doing so through mixed use and mixed income development. 新都市主义倡导其青睐的设计和土地利用模式，希望通过社会经济多样性来提高生活质量，但 许多人批评这些主张存在因果推断。我们参照社会可持续发展的社区指标（包括住房可负担性 和社会经济多样性）以及对新都市主义填充式开发手段的研宄，考察了佛罗里达州奥兰多一个 遭受经济困境的内城居住区帕拉莫尔（Parramore)和内环郊区棕地鲍德温公园（Baldwin Park)的 新都市主义填充式开发，并与奥兰多的其他居住区做对比。帕拉莫尔积极实施了 HOPE VI和 “可持续社区伙伴关系” 等新都市主义规划，反映了通过增加社会经济多样性实现振兴的努力。 鲍德温公园的规划也纳入了新都市主义的许多最佳做法。对这两个不同的填充式开发案例所做 研宄的结果表明，尽管新都市主义的各项原则经常被纳入公共资金扶持的振兴举措，意在通过 混合利用和混合收入式开发实现社会可持续性，但新都市主义不一定能确保社会的可持续性。