Packing and film thickness theories for the mix design of high-performance concrete

• Published in: Journal of Zhejiang University. A. Science Vol. 17; no. 10; pp. 759 - 781
• Main Authors: Ng, Pui-Lam, Kwan, Albert Kwok-Hung, Li, Leo Gu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hangzhou Zhejiang University Press 01.10.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Civil Engineering; Classical and Continuum Physics; Concrete; Concrete mixes; Concrete mixing; density; Design; Dimensional stability; Engineering; Film thickness; High-performance; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Ingredients; Mechanical Engineering; mix; Packing; Philosophy; Raw materials; science; Stability; Sustainability; thickness; Water film; Workability; Sustainability; 可持续性; Concrete science; Concrete mix design; 混凝土科学; 膜厚度; 混凝土配合比设计; Film thickness; High-performance concrete; Packing density; 高性能混凝土; 堆积密实度
• ISSN: 1673-565X; 1862-1775
• DOI: 10.1631/jzus.A1600439

A high-performance concrete （HPC） is required to have superior performance in various aspects such as workability,strength, durability, dimensional stability, segregation stability, and passing ability. The mix design of HPC is rather complicatedbecause the number of ingredients in HPC is usually more than those in conventional concrete and some of the required propertiesare conflicting with each other in the sense that improvement in one property would at the same time cause impairment of anotherproperty. However, there is still lack of understanding regarding how the various mix parameters should be optimised forachieving best overall performance. Most practitioners are still conducting mix design primarily through trial concrete mixing,which is laborious, ineffective, and often unable to timely respond to fluctuations in the properties of raw materials. To addressthese issues, the authors have been developing the packing and film thickness theories of concrete materials, in order to revamp themix design philosophy of HPC in terms of the water film thickness （WFT）, paste film thickness （PFT）, and mortar film thickness（MFT） in the concrete. Based on the findings from an extensive experimental programme, suitable ranges ofWFT, PFT, and MFThave been recommended.