Naturally available diatomite and their surface modification for the removal of hazardous dye and metal ions: A review

• Published in: Advances in colloid and interface science Vol. 282; p. 102198
• Main Authors: Sriram, Ganesan, Kigga, Madhuprasad, Uthappa, U.T., Rego, Richelle M., Thendral, Venkatachalam, Kumeria, Tushar, Jung, Ho-Young, Kurkuri, Mahaveer D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.08.2020
• Subjects: Adsorption; Diatomite; Dyes; Metal ions; Removal; Water treatment; Removal; Water treatment; Diatomite; Dyes; Adsorption; Metal ions
• ISSN: 0001-8686; 1873-3727; 1873-3727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102198

The presence of toxic pollutants such as dyes and metal ions at higher concentrations in water is very harmful to the environment. Removal of these pollutants using diatomaceous earth or diatomite (DE) and surface-modified DE has been extensively explored due to their excellent physio-chemical properties and low cost. Therefore, naturally available DE being inexpensive, their surface modified adsorbents could be one of the potential candidates for the wastewater treatment in the future. In this context, the current review has been summarized for the removal of both pollutants i.e., dyes and metal ions by surface-modified DE using the facile adsorption process. In addition, this review is prominently focused on the various modification process of DE, their cost-effectiveness; the physio-chemical characteristics and their maximum adsorption capacity. Further, real-time scenarios of reported adsorbents were tabulated based on the cost of the process along with the adsorption capacity of these adsorbents. [Display omitted] •This review summaries the recent developments in diatom surface modification for water treatment.•The removal of various dye and metal ions using surface modified diatoms are critically reviewed.•The modified diatom showed higher adsorption capacity than bare diatom.•The maximum adsorption capacities of various modified diatoms are discussed and tabulated.•The future prospects of modified diatoms in the water treatment applications are discussed.