Phenolic and mineral profiles of four Balkan indigenous apple cultivars monitored at two different maturity stages

• Published in: Journal of food composition and analysis Vol. 35; no. 2; pp. 101 - 111
• Main Authors: SAVIKIN, Katarina, ZIVKOVIC, Jelena, ZDUNIC, Gordana, GODEVAC, Dejan, DORDEVIC, Boban, DOJCINOVIC, Biljana, ÐORDEVIC, Neda
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Inc 01.09.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Apple; Bioactive non-nutrients; Biodiversity and nutrition; Biological and medical sciences; Food analysis; Food composition; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Harvest maturity; Indigenous fruit cultivar; LC–MS; Malus domestica; Methods of analysis, processing and quality control, regulation, standards; Minerals; Quercetin derivatives; Apple; Harvest maturity; Bioactive non-nutrients; LC–MS; Malus domestica; Food composition; Minerals; Biodiversity and nutrition; Food analysis; Indigenous fruit cultivar; Quercetin derivatives; Rosaceae; Biodiversity; Inorganic element; Flavonoid; Profile; Polyphenol; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Food; Fruit; Nutrition; Harvesting; Liquid chromatography; LC-MS; Analysis; Quercetin; Phenols; Nutrient; Spermatophyta; Maturity; Cultivar
• ISSN: 0889-1575; 1096-0481
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.05.004

•Quality of Balkan autochthonous apple cultivars was evaluated at two maturity stages.•The best sources of phenolics are cultivars Kolačara and Budimka.•Quercetin derivatives are the major polyphenolic group of selected apple cultivars. Some primary and secondary metabolites, as well as mineral nutrients in pulp, peel and juice obtained from four Serbian indigenous apple cultivars (Kožara, Kolačara, Budimka and Šumatovka) collected at two different developmental stages were studied. With advanced maturation soluble solids content, total and reducing sugars increased, while l-ascorbic acid content and titratable acidity decreased. Thirteen phenolic compounds were quantified using LC–MS/MS. The total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 9.37 to 1440mg/100g fw, and 0.83 to 7.84mg/100g fw in peel and pulp samples, respectively. Quercetin derivatives were the major detected polyphenolic group. Majority of determined phenolic compounds were influenced by cultivar and the best sources were cultivars Kolačara and Budimka. The content of flavonols (with the exception of quercitrin) varied significantly depending on maturity at harvest. With regard to mineral analysis, K was the most abundant ranging from 104 to 158mg/100g fw in peel, 74.4 to 93.3mg/100g fw in pulp, and 77.1 to 91.5mg/100g fw in juice samples. Obtained results provide detailed information on nutritional potential and chemical composition of tested apple cultivars and thereby could encourage their wider cultivation and consumption.