A technique to quantify morphological damage of the flute profile in the midplane of corrugated fibreboard

• Published in: Packaging technology & science Vol. 32; no. 5; pp. 213 - 226
• Main Authors: Jamsari, Mohamad Aiman, Kueh, Celia, Gray‐Stuart, Eli, Martinez‐Hermosilla, Gonzalo A., Dahm, Karl, Bronlund, John E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bognor Regis Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2019
• Subjects: corrugated fibreboard; Damage; Digital imaging; Digitization; flute profile; image analysis; Laser beam cutting; laser cutter; Lasers; Morphology
• ISSN: 0894-3214; 1099-1522
• DOI: 10.1002/pts.2431

This research presents a technique to quantify morphological damage to flutes in corrugated fibreboard (CFB). The method involves laser cutting thin samples and analysing digital images of the flute profiles. The surface profiles of creased CFB before and after laser cutting were measured using fringe projection and showed that the sample preparation does not significantly affect the flute profile. After imaging the laser cut samples, skeleton analysis was used to derive a digitised profile of the flute shape. To characterise the level of damage to the flute profile, a similarity factor (SF) was introduced to quantify the relative difference between test sample and reference flute profiles. Validation of this analysis technique was done by generating known images of flute profile with variations that include distortions that could occur to CFB. These images were then fed into the skeleton analysis, and the results were compared with the original profile. This comparison showed good agreement between the initial and skeleton‐analysed flutes. A demonstration of the skeleton analysis on purposefully damaged actual CFB flute profiles shows that the SF reduces as the level of crushing increases, showing that the technique could be used to enumerate morphological damage to CFB during manufacture, conversion, and use. This research presents a way to quantify the morphological damage to the flutes in corrugated fibreboard. The process was done by introducing a variable called similarity factor (SF). Several validation works were presented for justification before demonstrating the application of the analysis on purposefully damaged corrugated fibreboard. The analysis showed that it has the potential to enumerate morphological damage to corrugated fibreboard during manufacturing, conversion, and use.