Encounters between the 'oppressed' and the 'oppressor': rethinking Paulo Freire in anti-racist feminist education in Sweden

• Published in: Race, ethnicity and education Vol. 19; no. 4; pp. 835 - 855
• Main Author: Yang, Chia-Ling
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Routledge 03.07.2016
• Subjects: anti-racist feminist education; conscientization; difference; Ethnicity; Feminism; Foreign Countries; Gender Differences; Global Approach; Immigrants; intersectionality; Interviews; migrants; othering; Paulo Freire; Power Structure; Race; Racial Bias; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Social Sciences; Sweden; Swedish; Teacher Attitudes; Sweden
• ISSN: 1361-3324; 1470-109X
• DOI: 10.1080/13613324.2014.885421

With the aim of rethinking Paulo Freire's theory and its practices in race/ethnicity and education, this article uses intersectionality to deepen our understanding of differences among the oppressed and break the opposition between the oppressed and oppressor. Based on an ethnographic study carried out at a feminist adult educational institution in Sweden, the author examines the positionality of migrant students and feminist teachers and how they react to othering in the educational process and in Swedish society. The author also argues for the importance of intersectionality as a way to help both the conscientization of the oppressed and the radical task of the liberatory teachers. It is crucial to untangle gendered and sexualized racism, especially in specific contexts where race and gender intersect to construct a binary between a 'superior us' and a 'barbaric Other.' Conscientization and intersectionality are particularly useful for probing the complicated processes of othering and combating different forms of oppression and racism in an era of globalization in Western countries.