Gastric microbiome-derived Lacticaseibacillus casei strain RIGLD MG-1 relieves Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation in gastric epithelial cells in vitro

• Published in: Molecular biology reports Vol. 52; no. 1; p. 702
• Main Authors: Ghasemipoor, Masoomeh, Yaghoubi-Avini, Mohammad, Azimirad, Masoumeh, Nabavi-Rad, Ali, Looha, Mehdi Azizmohammad, Doulberis, Michael, Schulz, Christian, Yadegar, Abbas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 11.07.2025; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Animal Anatomy; Animal Biochemistry; Anti-inflammatory agents; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biopsy; Cancer; Cell Line; Cell viability; Chronic illnesses; Endoscopy; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Epithelial cells; Epithelial Cells - metabolism; Epithelial Cells - microbiology; Female; Gastric Mucosa - metabolism; Gastric Mucosa - microbiology; Gastroenterology; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Helicobacter Infections - microbiology; Helicobacter Infections - therapy; Helicobacter pylori; Helicobacter pylori - drug effects; Helicobacter pylori - pathogenicity; Histology; Humans; Immunomodulation; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammation - microbiology; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 8; Lacticaseibacillus casei; Lacticaseibacillus casei - isolation & purification; Lacticaseibacillus casei - metabolism; Lacticaseibacillus casei - physiology; Lactobacillus; Life Sciences; Liver diseases; Male; Microbiomes; Microorganisms; Middle Aged; Morphology; NF-κB protein; Original Article; Probiotics; Probiotics - pharmacology; Substance abuse treatment; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; β-Catenin; Iran; United States > US; Germany; Probiotic; AGS cells; Inflammation; Gastric Microbiome; Helicobacter pylori; Lacticaseibacillus casei
• ISSN: 0301-4851; 1573-4978; 1573-4978
• DOI: 10.1007/s11033-025-10817-4

Background The burden of Helicobacter pylori infection is exacerbated by rising antibiotic resistance. Probiotics, especially Lactobacillus species, have shown potential as adjunctive therapies for H. pylori infection. This study aimed to isolate a Lactobacillus strain from the gastric microbiome of healthy individuals and assess its probiotic properties against H. pylori . Methods and results Gastric biopsies were obtained from a cohort of 10 subjects, and used for bacterial isolation. The Lactobacillus strain was identified to species level using PCR and sequencing, followed by safety assessments. MTT assay was employed to measure AGS cell viability after exposure to various concentrations of H. pylori , as well as live and pasteurized Lactobacillus . Anti-inflammatory properties of the probiotic strain were assessed in AGS cells using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Additionally, the strain’s potential to inhibit H. pylori adhesion and invasion was examined. Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus casei strain RIGLD MG-1 was isolated and characterized as non-pathogenic and found to be tolerant to acidic and bile-rich environments, and susceptible to several antibiotics. Live and pasteurized L. casei downregulated the expression of NF-κB , IL-8 , TNF-α , and β-catenin , meanwhile upregulated the expression of IL-10 in H. pylori -treated cells. They also alleviated H. pylori- induced proinflammatory response by lowering IL-8 and TNF-α, and boosting IL-10 production. Additionally, both probiotic forms inhibited H. pylori adhesion and invasion in AGS cells. Conclusion Our results show that L. casei strain RIGLD MG-1 is safe and demonstrates significant immunomodulatory and anti-adhesion effects, making it a potential probiotic for use as adjunctive therapy to mitigate H. pylori -induced inflammation.