International law regulation of offshore oil and gas exploitation

• Published in: Environmental impact assessment review Vol. 88; p. 106551
• Main Author: Yin, Chaofeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Inc 01.05.2021; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Deposits; Exploitation; International law; International regulations; Legislation; Marine environment; National legislation; Natural gas; Natural gas exploration; Offshore; Offshore engineering; Offshore gas; Oil; Oil and gas industry; Oil exploration; Petroleum; Polarity; Support vector machines; Thickness; Offshore gas; Oil; National legislation; Natural gas
• ISSN: 0195-9255; 1873-6432
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2021.106551

In the current scenario, the exploitation of oil and natural gas deposits on and offshore still represents the most significant global energy needs. For decades, offshore hydrocarbon resources have been explored and exploited among the traditional commercial uses of coastal continental shelter. However, this activity presents considerable potential threats to the marine environment. Surprisingly, a global multilateral environment does not govern the offshore gas and oil sectors, although public international and regional law rules are generally applicable. The maritime oil & gas industry is instead regulated primarily by national legislation. Besides, it is subject to a mostly independent sector, which traditionally uses its contractual solutions in a capital-intensive industry. This paper aims to give an innovative Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach to discuss the unique regulatory framework on amplitude (2012L), frequency (28 Hz), velocity (6325 m/s), line curvature (0.62), polarity (3.2), layer thickness (25 mm) in the industry when compared to other methods. •Most significant global energy needs - oil and natural gas deposits on and offshore.•Exploiting offshore resources presents potential threats to the marine environment.•Global multilateral environment does not govern the offshore gas and oil sectors.•SVM approach proposed for unique regulatory framework in oil and gas industry.•Regulating the laws for oil and gas industry would lead to sustainable environment.