Effect of dual‐optical pulses with temporal energy distribution on laser ablation performance in in vivo zebrafish model

• Published in: Journal of biophotonics Vol. 16; no. 12; pp. e202300232 - n/a
• Main Authors: Shin, Hwarang, Lee, Yeachan, Hwang, Junghyun, Lim, Seonghee, Choi, Jongman, Gong, Seung Pyo, Kang, Hyun Wook
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 01.12.2023; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis; Danio rerio; dual‐optical pulsed laser; Energy distribution; Feasibility studies; Fluence; Hot Temperature; Laser ablation; Laser Therapy; melanophores; Melanosis - etiology; Melanosis - surgery; melasma; Optical pulses; Zebrafish; melasma; zebrafish; melanophores; dual-optical pulsed laser
• ISSN: 1864-063X; 1864-0648
• DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300232

A Q‐switched laser system has been used in a single‐pulse mode for skin melasma treatments because of instant heat deposition in the target. Despite the efficient ablation of the melanophores in the skin, the single, high‐fluence pulse often causes undesirable damage to the surrounding tissue, leading to high recurrence rates. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of dual‐optical pulses with a temporal energy distribution on the melasma treatment in in vivo zebrafish models in comparison to that of the single optical pulse. Based on the optical detection, the dual‐optical pulses had a temporal energy distribution ratio of 4:1 and an interval of 61 μs between the two consecutive pulses. According to the histological analysis, the dual pulses removed melanophores and induced a few apoptotic nuclei with minimal recurrence. This study demonstrated that the feasibility of dual‐optical pulses (energy ratio = 4:1) could enhance the laser ablation performance in vivo. Schematic illustrations of Q‐switched laser irradiation with single and dual pulses on zebrafish skin: The dual‐pulse delivered laser energy at the ratio of 4:1. Treated tissues were evaluated at Days 0, 3, and 5 after the irradiation (M, microscopic image; H, histological image; IF, immunofluorescence image).