Greener solvents for ruthenium and palladium-catalysed aromatic C―H bond functionalisation

• Published in: Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC Vol. 13; no. 4; pp. 741 - 753
• Main Authors: FISCHMEISTER, Cedric, DOUCET, Henri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry 01.01.2011
• Subjects: Catalysis; Catalysts: preparations and properties; Chemical Sciences; Chemistry; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; Kinetics and mechanisms; Organic chemistry; Reactivity and mechanisms; Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry; Water; Catalytic reaction; Ruthenium; Organic carbonate; Carbon-hydrogen bond; Chemical bond; Toxicity; Lactam; Boiling point; Transition metal; Palladium; Review; Wasteless technology; Chemical coupling; Functionalization; Carbon carbon bond; Solvent free reaction; N,N-Dimethylformamide; Cross reaction; Green chemistry; Aromatic compound; Platinoid; Solvent; Catalyst
• ISSN: 1463-9262; 1463-9270
• DOI: 10.1039/c0gc00885k

The formation of carbon-carbon bonds by transition metal-catalysed direct functionalisation of C-H bonds has recently emerged as a greener alternative to traditional cross-coupling reactions. Despite tremendous improvement of the catalytic efficiency allowing reactions under milder conditions or lower catalyst loadings, this type of transformation still suffers from a major limitation with regards to green chemistry concerning the reaction media since the preferred solvents for these transformations are the undesirable and toxic, high boiling point, polar, aprotic, N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Recently, efforts have been made to perform these reactions in greener or more environmentally acceptable media. This review summarises the contributions made in this direction during the past few years.