Flow and aerosol dispersion from wind musical instruments

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, many live musical activities had to be postponed and even canceled to protect musicians and the audience. Orchestral ensembles face a particular challenge of contamination, because they are personally heavy and instrumentally diverse. A chief concern is whether...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inPhysics of fluids (1994) Vol. 34; no. 8
Main Authors Brosseau, Quentin, Ran, Ranjiangshang, Graham, Ian, Jerolmack, Douglas J., Arratia, Paulo E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Melville American Institute of Physics 01.08.2022
Subjects
Aerosols
Air currents
Contamination
COVID-19
Dispersion
Fluid dynamics
Jet flow
Musical instruments
Orchestras
Physics
Sneezing
Wind instruments
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Summary:In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, many live musical activities had to be postponed and even canceled to protect musicians and the audience. Orchestral ensembles face a particular challenge of contamination, because they are personally heavy and instrumentally diverse. A chief concern is whether wind instruments are vectors of contamination through aerosol dispersion. This study, made possible by the participation of members of The Philadelphia Orchestra, brings insight into the modes of production and early life of aerosols of human origin emitted by wind instruments. We find that these instruments produce aerosol levels that are comparable to normal speech in quantity and size distribution. However, the exit jet flow speeds are much lower than violent expiratory events (coughing and sneezing). For most wind instruments, the flow decays to background indoor-air levels at approximately 2 m away from the instrument's opening. Long range aerosol dispersion is, thus, via ambient air currents.
ISSN:1070-6631
1089-7666
DOI:10.1063/5.0098273