Frequency of Clinically Significant Findings in the Surgical Pathology Specimen Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy and Concordance with Preoperative Endoscopy: Insights from a Large Single-Center Experience

• Published in: Obesity surgery Vol. 34; no. 5; pp. 1442 - 1448
• Main Authors: Owen, Christopher K., Felinski, Melissa M., Bajwa, Kulvinder S., Walker, Peter A., Mehta, Sheilendra S., Wilson, Erik B., Boodoo, Stefanie, Kudav, Vishal, Akhtar, Shaan J., Shah, Shinil K., Kling, M. Elaine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.05.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Clinical significance; Endoscopy; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrectomy - methods; Gastric Bypass; Gastric cancer; Gastritis - surgery; Gastrointestinal cancer; Gastrointestinal surgery; Humans; Laparoscopy - methods; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Obesity, Morbid - surgery; Original Contributions; Pathology; Pathology, Surgical; Precancerous Conditions - diagnosis; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms - pathology; Surgery; Metaplastic; Atrophic gastritis; Intestinal metaplasia; Bariatric surgery; Autoimmune; Endoscopy; Sleeve gastrectomy; Surgical pathology
• ISSN: 0960-8923; 1708-0428; 1708-0428
• DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07155-y

Introduction Endoscopy prior to bariatric surgery is not always performed, and in sleeve gastrectomy (SG), the surgical specimen is not always sent for pathological examination. There is limited data on the frequency of clinically significant findings in SG specimens or correlation with preoperative endoscopy. Methods We reviewed 426 consecutive SG patients to determine the concordance of preoperative endoscopy findings in patients with clinically significant postoperative pathology. Results Preoperative endoscopy was performed on 397 patients (93.2%). Three hundred seventy-three patients had preoperative endoscopy and surgical pathology results available. Then, 20/373 (5.4%) patients had potentially significant postoperative pathology, including intestinal metaplasia, autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG), gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and/or gastric cancer. The overall incidence of AMAG in the entire cohort was 2.3%. Preoperative gastric biopsies (to include gastric body) identified AMAG in nearly 1/2 of patients. Patients with clinically significant postoperative pathology results had a median [interquartile range] of 3 [3–5] tissue blocks examined as compared to 3 [1–3] for the remainder of the cohort ( p  < 0.001). Conclusion This is one of the largest studies describing clinically significant postoperative pathology after SG. AMAG, in particular, is of particular importance as it is associated with a 3–fivefold increase in risk for gastric cancer. The incidence of significant postoperative pathology in this population is small but potentially clinically significant and requires validation in larger studies. We recommend wider sampling in preoperative endoscopy (body and antrum), especially in patients being planned for gastric bypass, consideration for routine pathological examination of SG surgical specimens, with careful gross examination and targeted sampling. Graphical Abstract