Modulation of the cytoplasmic functions of mammalian post-transcriptional regulatory proteins by methylation and acetylation: a key layer of regulation waiting to be uncovered?

• Published in: Biochemical Society transactions Vol. 43; no. 6; p. 1285
• Main Authors: Blee, Tajekesa K P, Gray, Nicola K, Brook, Matthew
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.12.2015
• Subjects: Acetylation; Animals; Cytoplasm - genetics; Cytoplasm - metabolism; Humans; Lysine - genetics; Lysine - metabolism; Methylation; Models, Genetic; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Proteome - genetics; Proteome - metabolism; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; post-transcriptional control; ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding proteins; arginine methylation; lysine acetylation; messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) translation; post-translational modification; lysine methylation; messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) turnover
• ISSN: 1470-8752
• DOI: 10.1042/BST20150172

Post-transcriptional control of gene expression is critical for normal cellular function and viability and many of the proteins that mediate post-transcriptional control are themselves subject to regulation by post-translational modification (PTM), e.g. phosphorylation. However, proteome-wide studies are revealing new complexities in the PTM status of mammalian proteins, in particular large numbers of novel methylated and acetylated residues are being identified. Here we review studied examples of methylation/acetylation-dependent regulation of post-transcriptional regulatory protein (PTRP) function and present collated PTM data that points to the huge potential for regulation of mRNA fate by these PTMs.