Gilteritinib combined with venetoclax and azacitidine for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia cocurrent with pure red cell aplasia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report

• Published in: Annals of hematology Vol. 103; no. 5; pp. 1775 - 1777
• Main Authors: Wang, Jiawen, Zhu, Han, Miao, Kourong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.05.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anemia; Aniline Compounds; Azacitidine - therapeutic use; Bone marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases - complications; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Case Report; Case reports; Flow cytometry; Hematology; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects; Hemoglobin; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - complications; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - therapy; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Morphology; Oncology; Pathogenesis; Patients; Pyrazines; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure - etiology; Stem cell transplantation; Steroids; Sulfonamides; Refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Pure red cell aplasia
• ISSN: 0939-5555; 1432-0584; 1432-0584
• DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05714-y

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare bone marrow (BM) disorder characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis, reduced reticulocyte count, normocytic anemia, and the absence of erythroid precursors. Here, we present a rare instance of PRCA occurring after ABO-matched allo-HSCT in a refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) patient. In this case, the patient received a combination treatment of Gilteritinib, Venetoclax, and Azacitidine. Remarkably, this treatment not only reduced myeloblasts but also facilitated the restoration of erythroid hematopoiesis.