Long-term antigen-specific immune response by an oncolytic adenovirus encoding SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL in HPV-16 cancer model

• Published in: Molecular biology reports Vol. 51; no. 1; p. 408
• Main Authors: Martinez-Perez, Alejandra G., Garza-Morales, Rodolfo, Loera-Arias, Maria de J., Villa-Cedillo, Sheila A., Garcia-Garcia, Aracely, Rodriguez-Rocha, Humberto, Flores-Maldonado, Orlando E., Valdes, Jesus, Perez-Trujillo, Jose J., Saucedo-Cardenas, Odila
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.12.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 4-1BB Ligand - genetics; 4-1BB Ligand - pharmacology; Adenoviridae - genetics; Adenoviruses; Animal Anatomy; Animal Biochemistry; Animals; Antigens; Antitumor activity; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cancer Vaccines; Cytometry; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Histology; Human papillomavirus 16; Immune response; Immunity; Immunization; Life Sciences; Lymphocytes T; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphology; Neoplasms - therapy; Oncolysis; Original Article; Tissue Distribution; Tumors; Vaccines; γ-Interferon; Viral vectors; Cancer vaccine; Cancer adjuvants; Targeted therapy
• ISSN: 0301-4851; 1573-4978
• DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09303-0

Background To describe an oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) encoding SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL that is capable of inducing tumor regression in therapeutic assays. Herein, we tested whether the antitumor effect is given by the induction of a tumor-specific immune response, as well as the minimum dose needed to elicit antitumor protection and monitor the OAd biodistribution over time. Methods and results C57BL/6 mice (n = 5) per group were immunized twice with OAds encoding SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL, SA-E7-4-1BBL, or SP-SA-4-1BBL and challenged with TC-1 cancer cells. The DNA construct SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL was employed as a control via biolistic or PBS injection. Groups without tumor development at 47 days were rechallenged with TC-1 cells, and follow-up lasted until day 90. The minimum dose of OAd to induce the antitumor effect was established by immunization using serial dilution doses. The cytometry bead assay and the ELISpot assay were used to evaluate cytokine release in response to ex vivo antigenic stimulation. The distribution profile of the OAd vaccine was evaluated in the different organs by histological, immunohistochemical and qPCR analyses. The OAd SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL-immunized mice did not develop tumors even in a rechallenge. A protective antitumor effect was observed from a dose that is one hundredth of most reports of adenoviral vaccines. Immunization with OAd increases Interferon-gamma-producing cells in response to antigen stimulation. OAd was detected in tumors over time, with significant morphological changes, contrary to nontumor tissues. Conclusions The OAd SP-SA-E7-4-1BBL vaccine confers a prophylactic, safe, long-lasting, and antigen-dependent antitumor effect mediated by a Th1 antitumor immune response.