Serum Magnesium Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Is There a Relationship with Inflammation Status?

• Published in: Biological trace element research Vol. 202; no. 5; pp. 1983 - 1990
• Main Authors: Kemp, Julie Ann, Britto, Isadora K, Ribeiro, Marcia, Baptista, Beatriz, Reis, Drielly C M V, Fonseca, Larissa, Correa Leite, Paulo Emilio, Ribeiro-Alves, Marcelo, Mafra, Denise
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.05.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Correlation; Dialysis; ELISA; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Hemodialysis; Inflammation; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; Life Sciences; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Magnesium; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Nutrition; Oncology; Peritoneal dialysis; Peroxidation; Serum; Serum levels; Thiobarbituric acid; Chronic kidney disease; Inflammation; Dialysis; Magnesium
• ISSN: 0163-4984; 1559-0720
• DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03829-3

Background: Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) is a fundamental mineral that maintains cellular function, and low levels may be linked to inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study evaluated the correlation between serum Mg 2+ levels and the inflammatory status in patients undergoing dialysis. Methods: Two hundred patients with CKD [150 undergoing hemodialysis (HD), 50 (18) years; BMI 24 (4.8) kg/m²; and 50 patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), 54 (17.7) years; BMI, 27.5 (7.3) kg/m²] were included. Serum Mg 2+ levels were evaluated using a colourimetric test and commercial kit. Inflammatory markers were assessed by ELISA and multiplex bead-based assay. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated using thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Results: The median serum Mg 2+ levels were 2.3 (0.5) mg/dL, and 21% of patients presented Mg 2+ deficiency (< 2.07 mg/dL or 0.85 mmol/L). We found no difference in Mg 2+ serum levels between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum Mg 2+ levels and plasma hs-CRP (r =-0.17, p = 0.01), IL-8 (r =-0.35, p = 0.01), and MCP-1 (r =-0.31, p = 0.03) levels. Conclusion: Mg 2+ serum levels were negatively correlated with inflammatory status in patients with CKD on dialysis.