Pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of eftozanermin alfa in subjects with previously-treated solid tumors or hematologic malignancies: results from a phase 1 first-in-human study

• Published in: Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology Vol. 93; no. 4; pp. 329 - 339
• Main Authors: Biesdorf, Carla, Guan, Xiaowen, Siddani, Satya R., Hoffman, David, Boehm, Nils, Medeiros, Bruno C., Doi, Toshihiko, de Jonge, Maja, Rasco, Drew, Menon, Rajeev M., Polepally, Akshanth R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.04.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 5-Fluorouracil; Adult; Antibodies; Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects; Apoptosis; Bevacizumab; Blood cancer; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cancer Research; Chemotherapy; Clinical outcomes; Clustering; Dosage; Drug dosages; Exposure; Hematologic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Hematology; Humans; Immune response; Immunogenicity; Irinotecan; Malignancy; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; NCT; NCT03082209; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neoplasms - pathology; Oncology; Optimization; Original Article; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacovigilance; Receptors; Solid tumors; Sulfonamides; TRAIL protein; Tumor cells; Tumors; Immunogenicity; Pharmacokinetics; Eftozanermin alfa; Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)
• ISSN: 0344-5704; 1432-0843
• DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04613-9

Purpose Eftozanermin alfa is a second-generation tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonist that enhances death receptor 4/5 clustering on tumor cells to induce apoptosis. We report the pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of eftozanermin alfa administered intravenously to 153 adults with previously-treated solid tumors or hematologic malignancies from the first-in-human, open-label, dose-escalation and dose-optimization study. Methods Dose escalation evaluated eftozanermin alfa monotherapy 2.5–15 mg/kg on Day 1 or Days 1/8 of a 21-day cycle. Dose optimization evaluated eftozanermin alfa monotherapy or combination therapy with either oral venetoclax 400–800 mg daily (eftozanermin alfa 1.25–7.5 mg/kg Days 1/8/15 of a 21-day cycle) or chemotherapy (eftozanermin alfa 3.75 or 7.5 mg/kg Days 1/8/15/22 of a 28-day cycle and FOLFIRI regimen [leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan] with/without bevacizumab on Days 1/15 of a 28-day cycle). Results Systemic exposures (maximum observed concentration [C max ] and area under the concentration–time curve [AUC]) of eftozanermin alfa were approximately dose-proportional across the entire dose escalation range with minimal to no accumulation in Cycle 3 versus Cycle 1 exposures. Comparable exposures and harmonic mean half-lives (35.1 h [solid tumors], 31.3 h [hematologic malignancies]) were observed between malignancy types. Exposures (dose-normalized C max and AUC) in Japanese subjects were similar to non-Japanese subjects. Furthermore, eftozanermin alfa/venetoclax combination therapy did not have an impact on the exposures of either agent. Treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies were observed in 9.4% (13/138) of subjects. Conclusions The study results, including a pharmacokinetic profile consistent with weekly dosing and low incidence of immunogenicity, support further investigation of eftozanermin alfa. Trial registration ID: NCT03082209.