Quantifying brain tumor tissue abundance in HR-MAS spectra using non-negative blind source separation techniques

• Published in: Journal of chemometrics Vol. 26; no. 7; pp. 406 - 415
• Main Authors: Croitor Sava, Anca Ramona, Martinez-Bisbal, M. Carmen, Sima, Diana Maria, Calvar, Jorge, Esteve, Vicente, Celda, Bernardo, Himmelreich, Uwe, Van Huffel, Sabine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.07.2012; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Analytical chemistry; blind source separation; Brain diseases; cellularity; Gangrene; HR-MAS; necrosis; Pathology; Tissues; tumor tissue abundancy; Tumors
• ISSN: 0886-9383; 1099-128X
• DOI: 10.1002/cem.2456

Given high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HR‐MAS) spectra from several glial tumor subjects, our goal is to differentiate between tumor tissue types by separating the different sources that contribute to the profile of each spectrum. Blind source separation techniques are applied for obtaining characteristic profiles for necrosis, highly cellular tumor and border tumor tissue and providing the contribution (abundance) of each of these tumor tissue types to the profile of each spectrum. The problem is formulated as a non‐negative source separation problem. Non‐negative matrix factorization, convex analysis of non‐negative sources and non‐negative independent component analysis methods are considered. The results are in agreement with the pathology obtained by the histopathological examination that succeeded the HR‐MAS measurements. Furthermore, an analysis to verify to which extent the dimension of the input space, the input features and the number of sources to be extracted from the HR‐MAS data could influence the performance of the source separation is presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Blind source separation (BSS) techniques have the potential to identify within high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HR‐MAS) spectra coming from adult patients presenting a glial tumor the different tumor tissue types that contribute to the profile of each spectrum and to quantify their contribution (abundance) to the profile of each spectrum. The BSS results are in agreement with the pathology obtained by the histopathological examination that succeeded the HR‐MAS measurements.