Advances in the Imaging of Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Malignancies

• Published in: Hematology/oncology clinics of North America Vol. 38; no. 3; p. 711
• Main Authors: Ruby, Lisa, Jayaprakasam, Vetri Sudar, Fernandes, Maria Clara, Paroder, Viktoriya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Esophageal Neoplasms - diagnosis; Esophageal Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Esophageal Neoplasms - pathology; Esophageal Neoplasms - therapy; Esophagogastric Junction - diagnostic imaging; Esophagogastric Junction - pathology; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Neoplasm Staging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography - methods; Stomach Neoplasms - diagnosis; Stomach Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Stomach Neoplasms - pathology; Computed tomography; MRI; Staging; HER2; Positron emission tomography; Esophageal cancer; Radiomics
• ISSN: 1558-1977
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.02.003

Accurate imaging is key for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancers . Current imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and 18F-FDG (2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, have limitations in accurately staging these cancers. MRI shows promise for T staging and residual disease assessment. Novel PET tracers, like FAPI, FLT, and hypoxia markers, offer potential improvements in diagnostic accuracy. F-FDG PET/MRI combines metabolic and anatomic information, enhancing disease evaluation. Radiomics and artificial intelligence hold promise for early detection, treatment planning, and response assessment. Theranostic nanoparticles and personalized medicine approaches offer new avenues for cancer therapy.