Advances in three-dimensional electrochemical degradation: A comprehensive review on pharmaceutical pollutants removal from aqueous solution

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 362; p. 142620
• Main Authors: Rahimi, Fatemeh, Nasiri, Alireza, Hashemi, Majid, Rajabi, Saeed, Abolghasemi, Sahar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2024
• Subjects: Advanced oxidation process; aqueous solutions; cost effectiveness; Electrochemical Techniques - methods; electrochemistry; Electrodes; mass transfer; Particle electrode; Pharmaceutical Preparations - analysis; Pharmaceutical Preparations - chemistry; Pharmaceuticals; pollutants; risk; surface area; temperature; Three-dimensional electrochemical; Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods; Wastewater - chemistry; wastewater treatment; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; water pollution; Water Purification - methods; Water treatment; Three-dimensional electrochemical; Water treatment; Particle electrode; Advanced oxidation process; Pharmaceuticals
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142620

Water pollution, stemming from various contaminants including organic and pharmaceutical pollutants, poses a significant global challenge. Amidst the array of methods available for pollutant mitigation, the three-dimensional electrochemical approach emerges as a standout solution due to its environmental compatibility, cost-effectiveness, and rapid efficiency. This study delves into the efficacy of three-dimensional electrochemical processes in purging organic and pharmaceutical pollutants from aqueous media. Existing research indicates that the three-dimensional electrochemical process, particularly when employing particle electrodes, exhibits notable success in degrading organic and pharmaceutical pollutants. This achievement is largely attributed to the ample specific surface area of particle electrodes and the shortened mass transfer distance, which collectively enhance efficiency in comparison to traditional two-dimensional electrochemical methods. Moreover, this approach is lauded for its environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness. However, it is imperative to note that the efficacy of the process is subject to various factors including temperature, pH levels, and current intensity. While the addition of oxidants can augment process efficiency, it also carries the risk of generating intermediate compounds that impede the reaction. In conclusion, the three-dimensional electrochemical method proves to be a viable and practical approach, provided that process conditions are meticulously considered and adhered to. Offering advantages from both environmental and economic perspectives, this method presents a promising alternative to conventional water and wastewater treatment techniques. [Display omitted] •Effective 3D electrochemical method for organic pollutant removal.•Enhanced efficiency using particle electrodes in degradation.•Promising alternative for sustainable water treatment.