Comparison of Fe/HBEA catalysts from incipient wetness impregnation with various loading on phenol hydroxylation

• Published in: Reaction kinetics, mechanisms and catalysis Vol. 121; no. 2; pp. 751 - 761
• Main Authors: Kosri, Chanokporn, Deekamwong, Krittanun, Sophiphun, Onsulang, Osakoo, Nattawut, Chanlek, Narong, Föttinger, Karin, Wittayakun, Jatuporn
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.08.2017
• Subjects: Catalysis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Physical Chemistry; Zeolite beta; Impregnation; Iron; Carbon deposit; Phenol hydroxylation
• ISSN: 1878-5190; 1878-5204
• DOI: 10.1007/s11144-017-1160-8

Iron catalysts on zeolite beta from incipient wetness impregnation, Fe/HBEA with Fe loading 0.5–2.0 wt% were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH 3 -TPD). Fe in all catalysts was in the form of Fe 2 O 3 and the acidity decreased with an increase of Fe content. From catalytic testing in phenol hydroxylation, the catalysts with lower Fe loading gave higher yields of catechol and hydroquinone and a lower amount of by-products than the catalyst with Fe loading 6.0 wt% in the previous work. The spent catalysts were analyzed by temperature-programmed oxidation using thermogravimetric analysis/mass spectrometry detector (TGA-MS). An amount of carbon deposit from all catalysts was in the range 10–15 wt%. However, carbon on the catalysts with lower Fe loading was removed at higher temperature.