Commonality and the Complexity of “We”: Social Attitudes and Social Change

• Published in: Personality and social psychology review Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 3 - 20
• Main Authors: Dovidio, John F., Gaertner, Samuel L., Saguy, Tamar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.02.2009; Erlbaum; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Acculturation; Behavior. Attitude; Biological and medical sciences; Conflict (Psychology); Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Group dynamics; Group identity; Group Processes; Humans; Intergroup relations; Minority Groups; Models, Psychological; Prejudice; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Social action; Social attitudes; Social Change; Social Identification; Social identity; Social interactions. Communication. Group processes; Social psychology; conflict resolution; social categorization; intergroup relations; ingroup favoritism; contact hypothesis; common ingroup identity model; power; acculturation; social identity; status; Social environment; Human; Social preference; Social attitude; Social group; Conflict resolution; Social belonging; Acculturation; Social interaction; Social power; Minority; Intergroup relation; Social change; Social identity
• ISSN: 1088-8683; 1532-7957
• DOI: 10.1177/1088868308326751

The present article explores the complex role of collective identities in the development of intergroup biases and disparities, in interventions to improve orientations toward members of other groups, and in inhibiting or facilitating social action. The article revolves around the common ingroup identity model, examining general empirical support but also acknowledging potential limitations and emphasizing new insights and extensions. It proposes that the motivations of majority group members to preserve a system that advantages them and the motivations of minority group members to enhance their status have direct implications for preferred group representations and consequent intergroup relations. In particular, the effects of majority group members' preferences for a common, one-group identity and minority group members' preference for a dual identity (in which differences are acknowledged within the context of a superordinate identity) are considered in terms of intergroup attitudes, recognition of unfair disparities, and support for social action.