Design equations for bod removal in facultative ponds

• Published in: Water science and technology Vol. 19; no. 12; pp. 187 - 197
• Main Author: MIDDLEBROOKS, E. J
• Format: Conference Proceeding Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London IWA Publishing 01.01.1987
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Data; Design; Design analysis; Effluents; Empirical equations; Environmental protection; Enzyme kinetics; Exact sciences and technology; Influence; Mathematical models; Nonlinear equations; Plug flow; Pollution; Ponds; Removal; Sewerage works: sewers, sewage treatment plants, outfalls; Temperature effects; Water treatment; Water treatment and pollution; United States > US; Performance evaluation; Activated sludge; Stabilization pond; Biological oxygen demand; Waste water purification; Mathematical model; Sewage treatment plant; Biological purification
• ISSN: 0273-1223; 1996-9732
• DOI: 10.2166/wst.1987.0145

Facultative pond performance data collected for the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) at four locations throughout the USA and data collected by others were used to evaluate the most frequently used design equations and to develop non-linear design equations. Empirical models were evaluated as well as the classical plug flow and complete mix models. The first order plug flow model gave the best fit of all the rational models. The empirical non-linear models did not fit the data, nor did the other empirical models with the exception being the areal loading and removal model. Attempts to verify the models developed with the USEPA data using data collected by others were not successful with the exception of the areal loading and removal model.